The quaternized chitosan (QCS) was synthesized through the nucleophilic substitution reaction under the conditions was that the chitosan was material and the 2, 3epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was etherifying agents. Dutch positive electricity glomerular polystyrene (PS) microemulsion was synthesized through the emulsion polymerization method and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide was cationic quaternary ammonium salt and the potassium persulfate was initiator. Then the anion exchange membrane was synthesized by take the QCS as material and glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent, at the same time the PS microemulsion was doping into the casting solution. The standard membrane structure was characterized by FTIR. The content of PS microspheres and glutaraldehyde influence on QCS/PS membrane’s water content and ionexchange capacity, etc properties. The results show that the crosslinking agent can effectively inhibit the QCS membrane’s deformation. When the quality percentage of PS microsphere was 35%, swelling ratio was reduced from 68.5% to 25.8% with the increase of crosslinking degree. But at the same time it reduce the QCS/PS membrane’s ionexchange capacity. And PS microspheres will be improved QCS/PS membrane ionexchange capacity, swelling ratio also will be reduced slightly. The water content is 65% and ionexchange capacity is 4.89 mmol/g when the crosslinking degree was 5% and the quality percentage of PS microsphere was 35%. QCS/PS membrane’s overall performance can be optimized.

PETcISMA was prepared from PET which modified by copolyester of isosorbide/maleic anhydride through reactive extrusion. PETcISMA had the similar θg and θm as that of PET and a single phase structure from thermal gravity analysis. PETcISMA with the maximum amount of 30% ISMA could remain the thermal properties of PET. PETcISMA shows higher crystal property than PET for the presence of θc from 125 ℃ to 130 ℃, and hence improved the process characteristics by changing the crystal degree of PETcISMA. Moreover, PETcISMA possessed higher water resistance, better stability in acid or alkaline medium and biodegradation.

Catalyst FA2012 were prepared by the secondary nano selfassembly technique. It has larger pore volume and higher metal dispersity.The crystalline phase structure, microstructure and metal distribution of catalysts were characterized by the XRD,TEM and BET that proved the conclusion of FA2012 was multilayer and formatted nanoparticles.The pore diameter, pore volume and specific surface area of it were 12.3 nm,0.37 cm3/g and 219 m2/g. The metal content of unit volume reactor of FA2012 is about 1/4 of reference agent F2.The results of activity evaluation show that the conversion rate of sulfur, nitrogen, arene and colloid in hydrotreated residue were 61%,16% and 45% by FA2012, respectively. The reference agent were 40%,24% and 25% by F2 in hydrotreated catalytic cracking diesel miscella.It proved that the anti coking performance of FA2012 is better than industrial catalyst F2.

Adopting nano selfassembly method of the second time to prepare nano selfassembly catalyst, the pore size of the catalyst , the pore size distribution and specific surface were analyzed by using adsorption method of N ₂，It was found that the aperture of nano selfassembly catalyst almost concentrated in 30-100 nm by comparing the basic property, accounting for 36.13% of the catalyst total pore size.Using catalytic diesel oil as raw material, the activity of nano selfassembly catalyst and reference dose which were desulfurization, denitrification, aromatics saturation were evaluated in microreactor. The results show that after the reaction of 20 s, the desulfurization rate of nano selfassembly catalyst is 90.13%, denitrification rate is 92.62%, aromatics saturation rate is 73.18%.

A series of Nmethylimidazolium hydrosulfate type of ionic liquids (ILs) bearing different length of alkyl chains were synthesized. The ionic liquids were applied both as extracting reagent and catalyst for the model or true oil desulfurization using hydrogen peroxide (35%) as the oxidant. The desulfurization conditions were optimized by varying extraction time, the ratio of ILs/oil, temperature and so on. Under the optimal conditions, the ILs were also used for the desulfurization of FCC gasoline and diesel. The results show that, ［C3mim］HSO ₄ has the highest desulfurization rate. The best desulfurization rate was obtained after 1.5 hours under the condition of V(［C3mim］HSO ₄)/V(H ₂O ₂ )/V(oil)=1∶1∶30 at 60 ℃ for the model oil (88.38%) and diesel (80%). The sulfur content of FCC gasoline has decreased to 10 μg/g below, which shows a very promising perspective for industrial applications.

The bronsted acidic ionoic liquid (［HSO ₃pmim］ ⁺［HSO ₄］ ^- ) was synthesized with Nmethylimidazole and 1, 3propyl sulfonic acid lactone. The raw materials and ionoic liquid were characterised by FTIR with KBr, then the absorption peak was analysed serially, the absorption of the chemical bond show that the molecular structure of the product was matched the theoretical structure, so the accurate structure was confirmed. And the reaction conditions of preparation biodiesel from waste cooking oil was optimized, it demonstrated that under the optimum reaction conditions the yield could reach 90.82%, the ionoic liquid could be reused three times. 

The standard molar formation and Gibbs free energy and equilibrium constant in each hydrogenation reaction were calculated, and the calculation results show that the temperature is an important factor of thermodynamics. Low reaction temperature in favor of olefins hydrogenation and high reaction temperature is unfavorable. In a subsequent olefins hydrogenation reactions, when choose conditions, it could be used to improve the reaction pressure and reduce the reaction temperature, which can reduce the influence of reaction temperature, and makes olefins hydrogenation reaction to a certain depth.

The vacuum residuum was separated into 6 narrow fractions and an endcut by supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation (SFEF) technology. The group composition distribution and structure of narrow fractions were investigated, provided important basic data for properly using vacuum residue. The results indicate that as the yield of narrow fraction increased, the content of saturates decreased and that of resins increased, aromatics content increased begin, reaching the maximum, then decreased. There was little asphaltene in every narrow fraction, the content of residual carbon increased, as well as metal content. The average structural parameters of narrow fractions and vacuum residuum were calculated with modified BrownLadner method. 

With the method of hydrofluoric acidalkylation(the UOP method), realkylene(C ₁₆C ₁₉) was reacted. By this reaction, the relevant process data was obtained, the alkylation pilot technology was developed, and the underlying industrialized data was provided. When the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the reaction pressure is 0.88 MPa, reaction time is 20 min, the amount of substance ratio for benzene and heavy hydride olefinic is 8∶1 and the volume ratio for HF and hydrocarbon is 2∶1, the conversion rate can be the best for 10.4%.

The scCO ₂ microemulsion was formed by supercritical CO ₂, water, surfactant AOT and cosurfactant C ₂H ₅OH under certain pressure and temperature. The minimum miscible pressure of scCO ₂ microemulsion and alkanes was determined by a variable volume visible cell. The influences of temperature, water content, carbon number of alkanes and the concentration of AOT on MMP of scCO ₂microemulsion and alkanes were also studied. The results show that the MMP of scCO ₂microemulsion and alkanes is obviously lower than that of scCO ₂and alkanes and the range of decrease of MMP is enlarged with the carbon number of alkanes increasing. With the increasing of AOT concentration, the change of the MMP of scCO ₂ microemulsion and dodecane is little. When the water content is low, the MMP of scCO ₂ microemulsion and dodecane is lower than that of scCO ₂ and dodecane under different temperature. The MMP of scCO ₂ microemulsion and dodecane increased as temperature being increased.

Tetradecyl sulfobetaine（BE14）and hexadecyl sulfobetaine（BE16） were synthesized by onestep reaction, and the reducing oil/water interfacial tension properties of BE14 and BE16 were investigated in high salinity water. It was found that BE14 and BE16 were found to be compatible with high salinity water. oil/water interfacial tension was reduced to 10-2 mN/m magnitude for 0.011%0.182%（mass fraction）BE14 and ultralow interfacial tension was reached for 0.012%0.078% BE16. Furthermore, it also exhibits ultralow interfacial tension for the mixed systems of 0.039% BE16 and 8002 500 mg/L HPAM. 

The geological conditions of methane hydrate reservoir are very complex, and it is difficult to carry out boring sample. The experimental system of methane hydrate formation and dissociation was designed and constructed, and the formation and dissociation characteristics of methane hydrate within porous media were studied by experiments. The phase equilibrium curve was measured. The methane hydrate dissociation experiments by depressurization were performed. The results show that heat transfer is main controlling factors which affect methane hydrate dissociation bearing porous media with high permeability.

With multipolymer, crosslinking agent and stabilizing agent as the raw material, a selective geltype plugging agent with heat resistance and salt tolerance was prepared in laboratory in order to solve the flooding problems of medium to high temperature(≥70 ℃) oil wells in Changqing oilfield. The optimum composition was determined as follows: multipolymer 0.6%, crosslinking agent 0.2%, and stabilizing agent 0.1%. Gelling experiment, pheological experiment and core flow experiment were carried out to characterize the performances of DQ4 system. The results show that the performances of DQ4 system have met the field application requirements. 11 wells in Changqing oilfield were plugged with the plugging agent in 20102011, the effective rate is 72.7%, and the total increased oil is 2 023.38 t. The economical benefit was satisfied.

Experiments were carried out to investigate the droplet jetting in oil under high voltage AC electric field with different types of white oil and water. With a micro highspeed camera system and image processing technology, the jetting of droplet was observed and analyzed. The results indicate that the droplet jetting is mainly affected by electric field strength, frequency, viscosity and interfacial tension. The critical cone angel of jetting is about 38°, which is only related to dielectric constant of oil and water. When frequency and oil viscosity is increased and interfacial tension is decreased the subdrops departing from mother drop will be smaller and distribute in a smaller angle. As droplet diameter and viscosity increasing, jetting time of small droplets increase. In oil with lower viscosity, the jetting time increase with the decrease of frequency. Jetting quantity of droplet increases with the increase of droplet diameter. 

Through building the pipeline model, giving the boundary conditions and setting up the solver in Fluent software, analyze the character of mixture gas using species transport model. Through the analysis result know that the shape of the mixture gas changes from the shape of straight line to the shape of bullet as the inlet velocity increases. The concentration of nitrogen decreases with line regular pattern in the axis direction, as time goes, the diffusion range is spreading; the nitrogen replacement velocity increases with the increasing of inlet velocity, at the beginning of the replacement, the increasing rate of the mixture length is faster than latter. The replacement length increases as time goes, the faster the replacement velocity the higher increasing ratio of the replacement length, and the replacement efficiency is increasing as the inlet velocity increases, but the ratio is decreasing.

Both situations in and around the waxy crude oil pipeline are complex, which affect the thermodynamic properties of the waxy crude oil pipeline under different conditions greatly. According to this, the waxy crude oil pipeline with special pipe sections was studied in detail. Heat differential equations of hot oil pipeline under different conditions were solved by means of finite element method, and a kind of ingenious method was proposed in dealing with the special pipe sections. At last, effect of special pipe sections for the thermodynamic properties of the waxy crude oil pipeline was discussed. The results indicate that the temperature of the oil along the pipeline which is in stable operation become higher with wax deposit layer, but the cooling rate of oil in shutdown pipelines increases. The existence of immersed section make the oil temperature much lower no matter what the situation of the pipeline is, which hinders the restart of the shutdown pipeline greatly.

The heat transfer was analyzed for undergrand super heat oil pieline, and the pipeline and soil temperature field model was eatablished， a numerical simulation was proceeded. Then through compared the field experiment data collection with the results of numerical simulation， the results show that the current insulation measures can meet the engineering requirements.

The multiobjective optimization problem of gas fractionation unit was discussed. A steady state model was developed to simulate the gas fractionation unit by using a simulator PROII. The analog data was combined with multiple linear regression theory to identify model parameters of gas fractionation unit and establish its multiobjective optimization model. This study used the energy consumption; production output and product recovery as the objective function of multiobjective optimization. The nondominate sorting genetic algorithm (NSGAII) was used to solve the multiobjective optimization model and get pareto optimal solution sets. The optimization results show that it can increase the production of product and decrease energy consumption and emission of propylene by optimizing the operational conditions. The calculation results prove this algorithm had good feasibility validity and versatility. This optimal method can provide operational device and effective guidance tools in gas fractionation unit and other rectification devices.

NiO/Al ₂O ₃  was prepared using nickel nitrate and aluminum oxide as the precursor, sodium hydroxide as the precipitating agent by coprecipitation method which was applied in the hydrogenation of lanolin as a catalyst. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction pressure, reaction time and the mass fraction of catalyst on the depth of lanolin hydrogenation was measured by the saponification value. The results show that the optimal conditions are as follows: the mass fraction of catalyst is 5%, reaction pressure of 18 MPa, reaction time of 5 h at 300 ℃, and the depth of lanolin hydrogenation can be up to 93.47%.

Methanol colloids of the coordinated europium oxide were prepared by colloids precipitation method with ligands of thienyltrifluroacetone (TTA) and 1,10phenanthroline (phen). The effect of concentration of NaOH on fluorescent properties and structure of nanoparticles of the coordinated europium oxide were characterized by fluorescent spectra, UV spectra (UVVis) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that the nano europium oxide particles coordinated by TTA and phen can irradiate intense red light under ultraviolet radiation, and their fluorescence spectra presents typical characteristic emission peaks of Eu ³⁺ ions. Different NaOH concentration has a great effect on the fluorescence intensity of nano europium oxide methanol colloids. The HRTEM and selected area electron diffraction (SED) results show that the core of the nanoparticles are europium oxide microcrystals with the size less than 10 nm. As this kind of the coordinated europium oxide colloid can emitted strong red fluorescence, it can be used as excellent luminescent materials in the future.

Micellar properties of ionic liquid surfactant, 1tetradecyl3methylimidazolium bromide (C14mimBr) were investigated by means of electrical conductometry with emphasis on the influence of cosolventwater content and temperature. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the degree of counterion association (g) were calculated from the electrical data. The thermodynamic parameters applied an equilibrium model for micelle formation were obtained. It turned out that the standard Gibbs energies of micellization (ΔGm) was always negative indicating the spontaneity of micelle formation, but it is roughly independent of temperature. In EGpoor mixtures, the micelle formation is affected by entropyenthalpy compensation, whereas it is driven by enthalpy in EGrich mixtures.

For the furfural extraction column of Chinese Dalian petrochemical company, the calibration on its number of theoretical plates was done by using the method of multi-stage static extraction simulation. The results show that the theoretical plate number in the column was 2 to 3 blocks. If operation conditions of the plant remained unchanged, at least four theoretical plates will be needed for the existing furfural extraction column to produce lubricating base oil meeting the quality requirement of acid value. The Pilot plant with four theoretical plates was used to verify the results. Under [KG*4]the [KG*4]operating [KG*4]conditions [KG*4]equivalent to [KG*4]that [KG*4]of [KG*4]the [KG*4]industrial [KG*4]plant, the yield of refined oil is 76%, viscosity index is 106, and acid value is 0.017 4 mg (KOH) /g, meeting quality specification of HVI400SN lubricant base oil.

Inner oil tank wall corrosion products are mainly iron oxide red, iron oxide black and iron hydroxide. These corrosion products can react with hydrogen sulfide in the tank. The spontaneous oxidation and heatrelease of sulfide productiron sulfides is the main cause of the fires in the oil tanks. The reaction in oil tanks was simulated and the oxidation tendency of iron sulfides formed was studied by observing the temperature change. Results show that the pyrophorisity of various sulfide products are different. SEM and EDS analysis indicate that the distribution of elements in different sulfurized products are similar and the pyrophorisity between iron sulfides might be related to their structural differences.

The solidbase catalyst (Na/SiO ₂) were prepared by solgel method using NaOH，TEOS and ethanol as raw materials. A biodiesel fatty acid methyl ester was produced by ransesterification of soybean oil with methanol using the catalyst. The effects of calcination temperature, Na/Si molar ratio, methanol/oil molar ratio, the amount of catalyst and, reaction time on the yield were investigated. The experimental results reveal that calcination temperature 600 ℃, Na/SiO ₂ molar ratio of 2∶1, catalyst amount of 7% and molar ratio of methanol to oil of 15∶1 exhibited the best catalytic activity for the reaction. The catalyst show high activity under the conditions of reacting 3 h and the conversion of soybean oil is found to be 97.42%. The excellent stability of catalyst has been observed.

By using P123 as the sole template and under hydrothermal condition, the ZSM5/SBA15 composite molecular sieves were prepared by postsynthesis method. Catalyst was prepared by loading different ratio of ZrSO ₄ on the carrier and characterized by means of XRD、BET and N ₂ adsorptiondesorption. The results show that the composite molecular sieve exhibited the properties of both mesoporous SBA15 and microporous ZSM5, the introduction of appropriate amount of ZrSO ₄ may not change the structure of the composite molecular sieve, but the intensity of diffraction peaks decreased. The oxidative desulfurization of model oil (500 μg/g) was investigated by the proportion of Zr ion, reaction temperature, reaction time and so on. The desulfurization rate is 84.56% under the optimal conditions: 30 mL of oil, 0.08 g of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst, reaction temperature of 50 ℃, reaction time of 120 min, catalyst to oil ratio (mass ratio of the catalyst and model oil) of 1∶40 and the volumn ratio of hydrogen peroxide and oil of 0.02.

The crude oil fractions (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes) were obtained by classic SARA method. The acidic components were extracted from Dongxin crude oil by using NaOH/EtOH mixed solution. The interfacial tension and dilational rheological properties of all crude oil components were investigated at the kerosenewater interface by means of oscillating drop method. The results show that all crude oil components have interfacial active and can reduce the interfacial tension, and saturates can reduce interfacial tension dramatically at high bulk concentration due to the hydrolysis of esters. Their interfacial dilational elasticity passes through a maximum with increasing bulk concentration. The order of maximum values of elasticityis saturates>aromatics≈asphaltenes>acidic components≈resins. Wax precipitates from saturatesat high concentration,which greatly enhances the strength of interfacial film and provides high value of elasticity, and interfacial reaction results in high value of viscosity.

A borefild in Sulige gas field, as the development experimental zone of this block, has built 1 billion square production after more than two years' pilot development. In this area， a set of effective thinking and method of research has formed about the fine geologic research. On the one hand, according to the characteristics of low porosity, low permeability and fluvial facies sand body developed, synthesizing all kinds of static and dynamic development data. The fine reservoir 3D visualized geological model was established and the areal channel sand body distribution was carved, which provide geological guarantee for the overall development of horizontal well and horizontal well geologic trace and implementation. Meanwhile, the regional distribution rule of remaining gas was gained, providing the reference for implementing horizontal wells step by step. On the other hand, based on unstructured grid used for depicting fracture system, through the gas reservoir numerical simulation, deployment parameters of horizontal well pattern, well spacing etc., are optimized and demonstrated, and reasonable values of parameters are gained, which provides reference to similar other fields for overall development.

Research of reservoir protection technology for low permeability and medium to strong water sensitivity oil reservoir：Taking Qiang 1 block in Liaohe oilfield as an example. Reservoir property of qiang 1 block is poor，belongs to the low porosity, low to ultralow permeability reservoir and high content of clay,water sensitivity of it is medium to strong.Reservoir protection measures for waterflooding in these reservoir was particularly critical. In view of this, the related critical value parameters was identified in all kinds of wokingfluid injected, as the same time, the studies of anti swelling agent selection and injected water quality were carried out, which choice anti swelling effect of 12 kinds of anti swelling agent in use of centrifugal method and Xray diffraction method,and further optimize injection mode and injection concentration. The result shows that 6#antiswelling agent effect is good, the scene can be injected high concentration(1%) slug, after can be continuously injected antiswelling agent in concentration of 0.5%, Finally, qiang1 block is successfully impled of wate injection development, injection pressure of the block is stable, and the block reached requirement of daily injection allocation volume.

Drilling is a complex transient process. Speed will reduce instantly when drillstring hits a hard rock suddenly and an accelerate process follows it until the speed accelerates to normal value. To observe the dynamic characteristics of drillstring in this case, using the finite element software "ANSYS" to analyze a constant speed process and accelerate processes of drillstring system in vertical well and gets the discipline of drillstring's vibration. The results show that after hitting hard rocks, the collision between drillstring and the borehole wall will happen for the hitting effect between rocks and bit, and the collision strength has a great relationship with acceleration time, if the acceleration time is short, the collision is slight and the force is small; if the acceleration time is long, the vibration will be exacerbated significantly, the collision is more serious and the force increases. In a word, the variable speed of drillstring exacerbates its vibration.

Threshold pressure gradient has an important influence to low permeability reservoir production. According to the site to obtain core laboratory experiments to strike threshold pressure gradient and draw permeability threshold pressure gradient plates. The dynamic simulation mathematical model of reservoir production considering threshold pressure gradient was established. The different threshold pressure gradient on the reservoir production performance was examined under the conditions of formation average permeability and provide guidance onsite low permeability reservoir development.The results show that with the threshold pressure gradient increases,liquid production, the degree of recovery, anhydrous degree of recovery have a decreasing trend and a slight increase in the moisture content. Threshold pressure gradient has an important influence on the balanced injection,the well. Water injection with threshold pressure gradient increases gradually reduced.

The welding of austenitic stainless steel with low alloy heatresistant steel was usually used in the connection of convection tubes which can be found in power station boiler. These two materials were significantly different in the composition and organization. The carbon may diffuse if the two dissimilar joints were in the high temperature conditions, forming a recarburization zone and a decarburization zone. After the aging treatment for the dissimilar joint at 500 ℃/100 h and observing the changes of the composition and the microstructure on both sides of the fusion zone, The result show that， after the aging time, the carbon content increased in the fusion zone and a large number of carbide precipitated, granular bainite and upper bainite in the base material under welding degraded and transformed into ferrite and sorbite.

The steam quality is a major factor during the steam drive process. The reasons of the lower steam quality for the conventional oncethrough steam boiler in the oilfield were analyzed and discussed. The superheat, the steam separator and the fizzy mixer were added and designed in the former and conventional producing steam structure. And then, the efficiency of heavy oil recovery increased when the steam quality increased to 100% or more under the normal water quality, and the new process reached the requirement of steam quality during the steam drive process.

Accurate calculation of drill string’s hanging load is an important and crucial part in liner cementing process. The article analyse and research the stress about analysis of the drill-pipe，draw lessons from "Soft String Model", the drill string was divided into three parts which was vertical interval, deflecting interval and angle maintaining interval in this paper and formula to calculate hanging load & friction of each part was deduced through analysis of forces. Arc model and infinitesimal calculus were used in deflecting interval calculation. The calculation results tally with field actual weighting result, which verifies the rationality of the formula，that is worthy of popularization.

Pigging operation is a necessary part of the oil and gas pipeline production process, and it has great significance for the pipeline safety operation management.For pier offloading, pigging must be done when the type of oil revenues is change in the same pipeline. So a mathematical model of the nitrogen through ball pigging was established on the basis of analyzing the comprehensive influence of pigging medium on the product oil pipeline. Taking Tianjin port pier offloading pipeline for example, the calculation was done. The amount of nitrogen, inlet pressure and the pigging ball position at different time in the pipeline was obtained. The calculation results can provide some basis for the actual engineering design.

According to the theory of selfexcited oscillation pulsed jet and the wall friction reduction, vibration,diameter changes pipe and natural gas increasing device flow was simulated and analyzed. The results show that, when natural gas flow through increasing device,the pressure fluctuate in collision, radial circulation cause wall there radial vibration. Compared with ordinary diameter changes pipe,the pressure has significantly reduced then entrance exit. Turbulent kinetic energy vary considerably. In the same conditions, the pressure is reduced and pipe gas transmission is increased significantly.

For the BZ294 project, the completed pigging of subsea pipeline had been successfully carried out before putting into production. The selection of pig and calculation of technical parameters had been introduced and the biggest feature of pigging was to make maximum use of facilities and process of existing platforms to save labor cost and temporary devices. According to the practical experience, some issues of pigging operation need to be focused, and can be used for reference in the future similar project.

ZSM5/MCM41 composite molecular sieve was prepared by Nanoassembly method. The properties of ZSM5/MCM41 was characterized by XRD, N ₂ adsorptiondesorption, NH ₃TPD, SEM. The content of CuO loading, adsorption temperature, WHSV etc factors in composite molecular sieve desulfurization performance were investigated. The results show that, zeolite pore volume, pore size, surface area, acid strength can affect the desulfurization performance of the adsorbent. Under atmospheric pressure and a lower temperature, the desulfurization rate of 5% CuO supported adsorbent by activation treatment is nearly 90%. It was also found that ZSM5/MCM41 has a certain impact on distribution of olefin and aromatization content with adsorption desulfurization process in the FCC gasoline. 

The investigation was related to the distribution of acid oxygenated compounds in Liaohe atmospheric residue (LHAR) and its slurrybed cracked residue. The LHAR was hydrocracked in pilot experimental device of state key laboratory of heavy oil processing. The reaction products was separate into <500 ℃ and >500 ℃(cracked residue). LHAR was separated into four fractions, six fractions respectively, as well as LHAR slurrybed hydrocracking cracked was separated into six fractions. The date of acid number in LHAR and its fractions were determined. The results show that the acid oxygenated compounds of LHAR are mainly distributed in resin. The acid oxygenated compounds of hydrocracking cracked residue are mainly distributed in heavy aromatic and heavy resin.

The influence of different catalysts on product distribution of residue hydrotreating in an autoclave with Tahe atmospheric residue (THAR) and Saudi Arabia light crude oil vacuum residue (ALVR) was studied. The results show that the catalyst activity and selectivity can be evaluated by the cracking conversion for unit coking (x1/xcoke) or the ratio of the cracking conversion to the unit condensation (x1/x2). It is consistent to the traditional understanding of residue hydrotreating. The catalysts influenced product distribution by providing active hydrogen atom to inhibit cracking of macromolecular radicals. There is different performance to inhibit coke formation in residue hydrotreating for different catalysts. The inhibition condensation sequence of catalysts is B>C>A and the maximum difference of the ratio of the cracking conversion to the unit condensation can reach 4.3. The influence of catalysts on residue hydrotreating was not only related to content and species of active metals, but also to the atomic ratio of hydrogenating component and surface structure of catalyst.

Calix ［4］ arene was synthesized by dealkylation reaction using ptertbutylcalix ［4］ arene and phenol as raw material in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3. Then 5,11,17,23four sulfo phenyl)azo calix ［4］ arene was synthesized by coupling reaction using calix ［4］ arene and pamino benzene sulfonic acid as raw materials. In the presence of tinhydrochloric acid, 5,11,17,23four sulfo phenyl)azo calix ［4］ arene was reduced to 5,11,17,23four aminocalix ［4］ arene hydrochloride. The synthesized compounds were characterized by thermal analysis, infrared spectrum analysis and UV spectra of the synthesized compounds. By using the method of synthesis of calix ［4］ arene ammonium hydrochloride yield is high, cost is greatly reduced.

Three oils were got from slurry oil with different processing technologies. Two process were conducted on the three oils with FFB device. The results show that the reaction conditions of raffinate oil 1 are the harshest, the second light oil, the last for the raffinate oil 2 under the condition of each highest target product yield; the distribution of cracking product of raffinate oil 2 are the best, the second light oil, the last for the raffinate oil 2，the target product yields are 69.35%, 73.85% and 79.76% respectively; the heavy oil mixed with raffinate oil 2 can improve the distribution of product and increase the yield of target product yield 2.47% and low the dry gas and coke yield preferably which are 0.25% and 1.61% respectively, which has little effect on the distribution of FCC product when mixed with light slurry oil and has a bad effect on distribution of product when mixed with raffinate oil 1.

The rare earth antioxidant was synthesized with 3(3,5ditertbutyl4hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and lanthanum nitrate as raw materials. The antioxidant characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis and fluorescence, was La complex. And the optimal synthesis conditions were as follows: the molar ratio of 3(3,5ditertbutyl4hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid to La(NO3)3•H2O 2∶1 and reflux time 6 h. The effects of rare earth antioxidant on the protective effect of NR vulcanizates were studied by mechanical property testing, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis. These results show that rare earth antioxidant had pronounced antiaging properties, which is higher than those of BHT antioxidant and equal to those of 4010NA. Besides, the synthesized rare earth antioxidant had no color pollution for rubber.

Seven different dodecatungstophosphates were prepared by using acidic ionic liquids and 12tungstophosphoric acid, and were characterized by XRD, TG and SEM. The result of XRD show that the molecular compound kept keggin structure. TG illustrate that they possessed good thermal stability. SEM result show that the surface structure of the catalyst is good. And their catalytic application in the oxidative desulfurization from fuel had also been investigated. The effect of reaction time, reaction temperature, the dosage of H2O2 were also studied. The sulfur removal (99.72%) was obtained under the following condition: reaction temperature 45 ℃，reaction time 1 h, n(S)/n（catalyst）=300∶1, n(H2O2)/n(S)=4∶1. After reaction, the catalyst is easy to separate, and can be reused 7 times after drying without obvious catalytic loss.

Basic nitrogen and sulfur contents in each fraction of fluid catalytic cracking diesel (FCC) from numerous refineries were analyzed by volumecutting method. The results show that sulfur contents rise and basic nitrogen contents decline with boiling point elevation in the FCC diesel. The comparison experiments of straightrun diesel show that both basic nitrogen and sulfur contents rise with boiling point elevation. In the FCC diesel, the basic nitrogen contents in the light fractions of 0%~60% (volume percent) account for 78.6%~86.9% of total basic nitrogen contents, and sulfur contents in the heavy fractions of 60%~100% (volume percent) account for 49%~56% of total sulfur contents. Those indicate that basic nitrides and sulfides concentrate in light fractions and heavy fractions, respectively.

With oil sand oil washing separation from oil sand of Inner Mongolia Zalaiteqi as the research object, using method of combining organic solvent extraction and water washing to research desliming sandout technology of oil sand oil from Inner Mongolia. The influences of the organic solvent types, agent oil ratio, temperature, time, water reagent concentration and other conditions on the process of the oil sand oil desliming sandout technology were investigated. The results show that using 1# solvent oil processing oil sand oil can make the 94% yield, under the condition of the organic solvent and oil sand oil quality ratio of 1∶1, water temperature 90 ℃, water reagent concentration 8%, separating time 25 min. 

Through the separation of the group composition by acidbase extract，Xinjiang lowtemperature coal tar has been divided into three different groups including acidcomposition, basecomposition and neutralcomposition. The acidextract and baseextract were analyzed with GC/MS and elemental analysis. The results show that 74 kinds of compounds are analyzed from acid composition. All of them are oxygenated compounds and the content is 95.4%. The main compounds in acidcomposition are lowrank phenols, C3C4 alkylphenols, naphthols and indenols. 57 kinds of compounds are in basecomposition and 55 nitrogenous compounds in them. The content of nitrogenous compounds is 65.5%, mainly are phenylamine, quinoline, benzazole, pyridine and acridine.

The Nibased petroleum resin hydrogenation catalysts of high holding sulfur capacity were prepared by coprecipitation, which was added with Fe, Zn, Cu and Mg and other additives in the preparation. The dispersion and reduction performance of catalyst active component were charactered by the XRD and TPR technology. The results show that the additive can inhibit Ni particle to grow up and adjust the interaction of active component with carrier, which can improve the capacity of holding sulfur of petroleum resin hydrogenation catalyst. The high sulfur capacity of Nibased petroleum resin hydrogenation catalyst can effective prevent such as sulfur impurities contacting with downstream catalysts, ensure the downstream catalyst activity and prolong the life of catalyst.

The synergistic inhibition effect between cinnamaldehyde and 3methy4amino5mercapto1,2,4triazole（short for MACMT）on Q235 steel in the HCl solution was studied by polarization curves, EIS and immersion. The influence of concentration on the corrosion performance and inhibition mechanism was discussed. The experiments show that when both cinnamaldehyde and 3methy4amino5mercapto1,2,4triazole were 1 mmol/L inhibiting system proposed good synergistic effect, inhibition efficiency could improve to more than 93%, on the Q235 steel in 0.5 mol/L HCl, 1 mol/L HCl, 2 mol/L HCl solution. In addition, increasing temperature exerted small influence on the inhibition efficiency.

Using TX10 as surfactants，carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were dispersed by ultrasonic oscillation．The effects of ultrasonic oscillation on the dispersity and damage of CNTs were studied with TEM．And the stability was evaluated with settlement time of the suspension． The results show that the smaller diameter of the CNTs，the smaller of the bending section modulus，and the bending normal stresses caused by ultrasonic lateral impact force are greater，the damage caused by ultrasonic oscillation is more serious．As a result，the length of the smaller diameter CNTs decreased significantly due to the shearing．It is also the important factor that affects the dispersity of CNTs and stability of CNTs suspension．

The nonuniform solution exhibited as waterinoil suspension or emulsion produce for the admixture of oil and waterbased viscosity depressant, which brings some potential difficulties to the measurement of viscosity and thus evaluation of viscosity depressants. Agitating method is employed to solve this problem at present. However, this method can't well mimic the effect of pipe flow shearing on rheological behavior of wateroil blend due to the difference in agitating strength from limitation of experimental design. As a result, the evaluation result from this method is generally too far optimistic. For this reason, an improved evaluation method for the performance of waterbased viscosity depressant was proposed, which can simulate the shear and thermal conditions tightly as in a real field. The experiment results reveal that the method has a better performance and provide a solid basis for evaluation for waterbased viscosity depressants. 