Abstract: In this paper, using p⁃tert⁃butylphenol and sulfur as raw materials, the p⁃tert⁃butylthiacalix[4]arene was first synthesized under alkaline conditions, and then thiacalix[4]arene sulfonic acid was obtained by reacting with concentrated sulfuric acid. The nitration of toluene was catalyzed by thiacalix[4]arene sulfonic acid as catalyst. In the nitration of toluene, the effects of the molar ratio of toluene to nitric acid, the amount of catalyst, the reaction time and the reaction temperature on the nitration of toluene were investigated. The catalyst recovery and reuse experiments were carried out. The results showed that when n(toluene)/n(nitric acid) was 1∶4, the catalyst mass was 0.100 g, and the reaction was carried out at 80 ℃ for 6 h, the conversion of toluene was 98.0%, the ratio of o⁃para⁃nitrotoluene was 1.3, and the catalyst can be reused 4~5 times.

Key words: p?Tert?butylthiacalix[4]arene, Thiacalix [4]arene sulfonic acid, Toluene nitration, Catalyst

摘要： 以对叔丁基苯酚和升华硫为原料，在碱性条件下首先合成了对叔丁基硫代杯[4]芳烃，然后与浓硫酸反应制得硫代杯[4]芳烃磺酸，将硫代杯[4]磺酸作为催化剂，催化甲苯与硝酸发生亲电取代反应生成相应的硝基苯。研究了甲苯与硝酸物质的量比、催化剂质量、反应时间、反应温度等条件对甲苯硝化反应的影响，并进行硫代杯[4]磺酸催化剂的回收和重复利用实验。结果表明，当n(甲苯)/n(硝酸)为1∶4、催化剂质量为0.100 g，80 ℃下反应6 h，甲苯的转化率为98.0%，邻位和对位硝基甲苯的质量比（O/P值）为1.3，催化剂可以重复使用4~5次。

关键词: 对叔丁基硫代杯[4]芳烃, 硫代杯[4]芳烃磺酸, 甲苯硝化, 催化剂