Zr⁴⁺-doped hollow spherical Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃ cathode material was prepared by spray drying method, and the influence of different Zr⁴⁺ doping levels （molar ratio of Zr⁴⁺ to Na_3-x V_2-x Zr _x （PO₄）₃） on the material properties was investigated. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and in-situ XRD were used to analyze the effects of Zr⁴⁺ doping on the structure and electrochemical performance of the material. It can be observed that Zr⁴⁺ doping enhanced the structural stability of the material, effectively inhibiting structural collapse and volume expansion during cycling. When the Zr⁴⁺ doping level was 0.15, Na_2.85V_1.85Zr_0.15（PO₄）₃ （NVZP-15） demonstrated a discharge specific capacity of 76.5 mA?h/g at 15.0 C, with a capacity retention of 80.6% after 800 cycles at 10.0 C.

While fossil energy is being exhausted day by day,and the problem of environmental pollution needs to be solved urgently.However,the social demand for energy is growing,so the development of green energy has received extensive attention from many scientific researchers.As an efficient energy conversion device,fuel cell has many advantages such as high efficiency, high performance and environmental friendliness.In the choice of fuel cell catalyst,Pt?based catalysts are the preferred materials because of their unique catalytic properties,but their high preparation cost and unstable catalytic properties have hindered the commercialisation of Pt?based catalysts.The working principle of Pt?based catalysts for cathode oxygen reduction reaction of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and the influencing mechanism of catalyst activity are briefly introduced.The research direction of Pt?based catalysts is summarized.Finally,the development direction of future research is prospected.