Process Characteristics of Hydrogen Blend Natural Gas Pipeline Transportation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-396X.2021.06.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Mixing hydrogen into natural gas pipelines for transportation is an effective way to achieve large?scale,long?distance, and low?cost transportation of hydrogen.However, the mixing of hydrogen will have a great impact on the hydraulic characteristics and safety of natural gas pipeline during transportation.In this regard,SPS software was used to simulate the transportation and leakage conditions of natural gas pipelines with different hydrogen mixing ratios, in order to investigate the effects of hydrogen mixing on the hydraulic characteristics of natural gas pipelines,the operating characteristics of centrifugal compressors,and the pressure drop rate of block valve and leakage after leakage.The results show that adding hydrogen will reduce the gas transmission efficiency of the natural gas pipeline network and compressor performance,which can be compensated by increasing the pressure drop.The dynamic pressure amplitude decreases with the increase of hydrogen mixing ratio under the same natural gas output.When the hydrogen mixed natural gas pipeline leaks,the pressure drop rate and the leakage would increase as the increasing of hydrogen mixing,and the set value of the pressure drop rate threshold of the pipeline block valve also increases accordingly.In conclusion,the research results in this work can provide the basis for the research on determining the maximum of hydrogen mixing ratio in the natural gas pipeline and provide a reference for the determination of hydrogen mixing transportation technology in natural gas pipelines.

Key words: Natural gas pipeline, Hydrogen mixing, Hydraulic characteristics, Compressor characteristics, Leakage, Pressure drop rate threshold

摘要：

将氢气掺入现役天然气管道中混输是实现氢气大规模、长距离、低成本储运的有效方法，但是氢气的掺入会对天然气管道水力特性和安全等方面造成较大影响。为此，采用SPS软件对不同混氢比（均为摩尔分数）的天然气管道输送工况和泄漏工况进行仿真计算，探究掺氢对天然气管道水力特性、离心压缩机运行特性、泄漏后截断阀压降速率及泄漏量的影响。结果表明，掺入氢气会降低天然气管网的输气效率和压缩机性能，可通过增大压降的方式确保管道输气效率不变；在相同天然气需求下，随混氢比的增大，管道动态压力波动减小；掺氢天然气管道泄漏后，随着混氢比的增加，压降速率和泄漏量均增大,管线截断阀压降速率阈值设定值也要相应增大。该研究成果为确定天然气管道最大混氢比的研究奠定了一定基础，为天然气管道掺氢输送工艺的确定提供了有效借鉴。

关键词: 天然气管道, 掺氢, 水力特性, 压缩机特性, 泄漏, 压降速率阈值

CLC Number:

TE832

Zhaoxue Cui, Lei Tian, Pengfei Duan, Luling Li, Yuxing Li, Cuiwei Liu. Process Characteristics of Hydrogen Blend Natural Gas Pipeline Transportation[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2021, 34(6): 81-88.

崔兆雪, 田磊, 段鹏飞, 李璐伶, 李玉星, 刘翠伟. 掺氢天然气管道输送工艺特性[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2021, 34(6): 81-88.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Change of flow rate and gas transmission power with hydrogen mixing ratio

Fig.2 Change of gas transmission power with hydrogen mixing ratio

Fig. 3 Change of pipe end pressure with hydrogen mixing ratio under the same flow rate

Fig.4 Flow and dynamic pressure changes at the end of the pipeline

Fig.5 Variation of compressor parameters with hydrogen mixing ratio

Fig.6 Compressor performance curve after hydrogen mixing ratio is changed

Fig.7 Simulation model

Fig.8 Variations of pressure and pressure drop rate in upstream and downstream at 10% hydrogen content

Fig.9 Variations of pressure drop rate in upstream and downstream at different hydrogen content

Fig.10 Comparison of pressure drop rate in upstream of pure natural gas under leakage and distribution conditions

Table 1 Threshold value results

工况	A/ km	阈值/（MPa $⋅$ min^-1)
工况	A/ km	0	10%	20%	30%	40%	50%	60%	70%	80%	90%	100%
1	15	0.225 0	0.240 0	0.265 3	0.290 8	0.320 7	0.354 0	0.395 1	0.444 6	0.513 1	0.619 5	0.816 1
2	10	0.340 4	0.360 7	0.396 8	0.433 5	0.474 7	0.521 8	0.577 8	0.647 3	0.739 3	0.883 0	1.150 3
3	5	0.562 9	0.598 5	0.652 4	0.704 2	0.770 6	0.835 4	0.923 4	1.009 0	1.120 5	1.319 5	1.678 3
4	20	0.190 0	0.205 8	0.221 7	0.241 8	0.260 7	0.290 4	0.327 3	0.361 3	0.420 4	0.508 2	0.677 9
5	25	0.172 5	0.184 3	0.201 8	0.220 9	0.240 1	0.263 7	0.297 7	0.328 6	0.386 4	0.466 9	0.621 3

Table 1 Threshold value results

工况	A/ km	阈值/（MPa $⋅$ min^-1)
工况	A/ km	0	10%	20%	30%	40%	50%	60%	70%	80%	90%	100%
1	15	0.225 0	0.240 0	0.265 3	0.290 8	0.320 7	0.354 0	0.395 1	0.444 6	0.513 1	0.619 5	0.816 1
2	10	0.340 4	0.360 7	0.396 8	0.433 5	0.474 7	0.521 8	0.577 8	0.647 3	0.739 3	0.883 0	1.150 3
3	5	0.562 9	0.598 5	0.652 4	0.704 2	0.770 6	0.835 4	0.923 4	1.009 0	1.120 5	1.319 5	1.678 3
4	20	0.190 0	0.205 8	0.221 7	0.241 8	0.260 7	0.290 4	0.327 3	0.361 3	0.420 4	0.508 2	0.677 9
5	25	0.172 5	0.184 3	0.201 8	0.220 9	0.240 1	0.263 7	0.297 7	0.328 6	0.386 4	0.466 9	0.621 3

Fig.11 The influence of leak location on threshold under pure natural gas

Table 2 Polynomial fitting curve and threshold value of pipeline at different hydrogen mole fraction

混氢比/%	拟合曲线	管线阈值/（MPa $⋅$ min^-1）
0	y=-1.612 8x³+3.680 2x²- 2.877 0x+0.948 2	0.133 2
10	y=-1.598 4x³+3.719 8x²- 2.960 8x+0.995 0	0.155 6
20	y=-1.807 2x³+4.149 0x²- 3.268 7x+1.090 7	0.163 8
30	y=-1.798 2x³+4.222 9x²- 3.399 4x+1.162 2	0.187 5
40	y=-1.845 0x³+4.425 0x²- 3.632 0x+1.261 7	0.209 7
50	y=-1.960 2x³+4.683 7x²- 3.853 3x+1.357 0	0.227 2
60	y=-2.244 6x³+5.287 5x²- 4.293 2x+1.502 9	0.252 6
70	y=-1.951 2x³+4.925 8x²- 4.266 2x+1.592 7	0.301 1
80	y=-1.733 4x³+4.729 0x²- 4.337 5x+1.720 8	0.378 9
90	y=-1.854 0x³+5.204 8x²- 4.887 2x+1.998 9	0.462 5
100	y=-2.019 6x³+5.957 7x²- 5.804 1x+2.491 2	0.625 2

Table 2 Polynomial fitting curve and threshold value of pipeline at different hydrogen mole fraction

混氢比/%	拟合曲线	管线阈值/（MPa $⋅$ min^-1）
0	y=-1.612 8x³+3.680 2x²- 2.877 0x+0.948 2	0.133 2
10	y=-1.598 4x³+3.719 8x²- 2.960 8x+0.995 0	0.155 6
20	y=-1.807 2x³+4.149 0x²- 3.268 7x+1.090 7	0.163 8
30	y=-1.798 2x³+4.222 9x²- 3.399 4x+1.162 2	0.187 5
40	y=-1.845 0x³+4.425 0x²- 3.632 0x+1.261 7	0.209 7
50	y=-1.960 2x³+4.683 7x²- 3.853 3x+1.357 0	0.227 2
60	y=-2.244 6x³+5.287 5x²- 4.293 2x+1.502 9	0.252 6
70	y=-1.951 2x³+4.925 8x²- 4.266 2x+1.592 7	0.301 1
80	y=-1.733 4x³+4.729 0x²- 4.337 5x+1.720 8	0.378 9
90	y=-1.854 0x³+5.204 8x²- 4.887 2x+1.998 9	0.462 5
100	y=-2.019 6x³+5.957 7x²- 5.804 1x+2.491 2	0.625 2

Fig.12 The curve of pipeline threshold with hydrogen mixing ratio

Fig.13 Leakage changes with different hydrogen mixing ratio

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