Abstract: In order to improve the fluidity of wax⁃containing crude oil and ensure the normal operation of the oil pipeline, this study took paraffin as the only carbon source and selected a strain of hydrocarbon⁃cracking bacteria from the soil polluted by petroleum. After the growth conditions of the bacteria were optimized, the performance of the metabolites of the hydrolytic bacteria was studied, and the effect of the bacteria on the wax removal and viscosity reduction of Daqing crude oil was investigated. From different experimental perspectives, it was proved that the bacteria could emulsify the wax⁃containing crude oil of Daqing, reduce the surface tension of oil and water, and also have a good effect on the wax removal and viscosity reduction. The results show that the wax content of crude oil is reduced by 54%, the wax evolution point is reduced 2 ℃, the related abnormal pointis reduced by 3 ℃, the viscos

Key words: Hydrocarbon bacteria, Wax, Viscosity, Emulsion, Crude oil

摘要： 为提高含蜡原油流动性，保证输油管道正常运行，以石蜡为唯一碳源，从被石油污染的土壤中筛选出一株解烃菌。优化该菌生长条件后，研究了该解烃菌代谢产物性能，并考察了其对大庆原油的除蜡降黏作用，从不同实验角度证明了该菌对大庆含蜡原油有乳化、降低油水表面张力性能，具有良好的除蜡降黏作用。结果表明，原油中蜡质量分数降低54%，析蜡点降低2 ℃，反常点降低3 ℃，黏度降低15%，改善了原油的流动性，减少了含蜡原油的管输费用。

关键词: 解烃菌, 石蜡, 黏度, 乳化, 原油