Abstract: The formation and stability mechanism of crude oil foam is the key to solve the problem of crude oil foaming. The basic properties of foam, features of crude oil foam are introduced in this paper and the research status of crude oil foam formation and stability mechanism is expounded. The experimental research methods of crude oil foam are summarized, and the influencing factors of crude oil foam formation and stability such as the composition of oil, temperature and gas properties are discussed according to experimental methods. Based on the current research, the future direction of research is proposed. The stability mechanism of crude oil foam and the influence of mechanical action on foam are still to be studied and there is no practical test method of crude oil foam at present.

Key words: Crude oil foam, Formation, Stability, Mechanism, Experimental methods

摘要： 介绍了泡沫的基本性质与原油泡沫的特点，阐述了原油泡沫形成及稳定性机理的研究现状，归纳了国内外对于原油泡沫的实验研究方法，结合实验方法总结了原油组成、温度、气体性质等影响原油泡沫形成与稳定的因素，基于研究现状展望了今后的研究方向，指出原油泡沫的稳定机理与机械作用对泡沫的影响仍有待研究，且目前缺少贴合现场实际的原油泡沫测试方法。

关键词: 原油泡沫, 形成, 稳定性, 机理, 实验方法