Abstract: According as the electrothermal driving principle of SMA springs, the simulation of SMA spring,s response velocity was made and analyzed, at the same time, an experiment on a SMA spring actuator of biomimetic propel was investigated. The result shows that the response velocity of the actuator is related with the driving current, the cooling speed and the pre-tensile length, the response velocity of SMA actuator is improved by increasing the driving current and the cooling speed, which is in accord with the result of simulation. In addition, the response velocity of the actuator is affected by the pre-tensile length, the response velocity of the actuator is improved by choosing an appropriate pre-tensile length, but the SMA spring will come into being irreversible deformation if the pre-tensile length is too large.

Key words: Shape memory alloy , Actuator , Biomimetic propel , Electrothermal driving

摘要： 根据SMA弹簧电热驱动原理,对SMA弹簧的响应速度进行了仿真和分析,并通过实验对一种用于水下仿生推进的SMA弹簧驱动器进行了研究。结果表明,驱动器的响应速度与驱动电流、冷却速度、预变形等有关。加大驱动电流、提高冷却速度可以提高驱动器的响应速度,这与仿真计算结果在趋势上基本一致。此外,驱动器的响应速度受到预变形量的影响,适当的预变形量可以提高驱动器的响应速度,但预变形不能过大,否则会产生不可回复变形。

关键词: 形状记忆合金 , 驱动器 , 仿生推进 , 电热驱动