Abstract: Supported amorphous alloy NiB/C was used as catalyst, and zinc sulfate solution was used as acidic medium in the preparation of catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol.The effect of reaction temperature, reaction pressure, reaction time, mass of NiB/C catalyst and zinc sulfate on the reaction were studied, the range of reaction conditions of higher selectivity of p-aminophenol was obtained. The better experimental program was determined through the establishment of the orthogonal experiment which has five factors and four levels: reaction temperature is 120 ℃, reaction pressure is 0.1 MPa, reaction time is 3 h, the catalyst addition is 3 g, zinc sulfate addition is 4 g. The results show that the conversion rate of nitrobenzene is 86.78%, the selectivity of p-aminophenol and aniline are 15.62% and 76.02% respectively.

Key words: p-Aminophenol, Nitrobenzene, NiB/C catalyst, Zinc sulfate

摘要： 以负载型非晶态合金NiB/C为催化剂、硫酸锌溶液为酸性介质进行硝基苯催化加氢制备对氨基苯酚的反应。考察了反应温度、反应压力、反应时间、NiB/C催化剂加入质量和硫酸锌加入质量对反应的影响，得到了对氨基苯酚取得较高选择性的反应条件。通过建立的五因素四水平的正交实验，确定了较佳实验方案：反应温度为120 ℃，反应压力为0.1 MPa，反应时间为3 h，催化剂加入质量为3 g，硫酸锌加入质量为4 g。分析结果显示，硝基苯的转化率达86.78%，对氨基苯酚和苯胺的选择性分别为15.62%和76.02%。

关键词: 对氨基苯酚 , 硝基苯 ,  NiB/C催化剂 , 硝酸锌