The forward and reverse transportation simulation model was established by using SPS simulation software to simulate the forward and reverse operation process of A?Sai crude oil pipeline at low throughput. The change law of the oil temperature along the pipeline during the process of forward and reverse transportation is studied. The results show that the oil temperature along the pipeline decreases gradually under the steady state of forward transportation. The oil temperature drops first and then increases at the beginning of the reverse transportation, and then drops gradually after reaching the steady state.The oil temperature at the reverse inlet station decreases first and then increases slightly, and finally tends to be stable. The lowest temperature of crude oil in the process of forward and reverse transportation is the arrival temperature when the remaining crude oil is completely pushed out of the pipeline. In addition, the influence of inverse throughput on oil temperature drop during the inverse transportation was analyzed. The higher the inverse throughput is, the higher the lowest oil temperature in the process of inverse transportation is, and the faster the stable state of inverse transportation reaches. The temperature change of forward and reverse transportation obtained by SPS simulation analysis can provide certain basis for making the forward and reverse transportation scheme of A?Sai pipeline.