To address the poor wettability between the reinforcing phases and the aluminum matrix, as well as the tendency to form brittle Al₄C₃ phase during the preparation of (B₄C+Cf)/Al composites, Ti particles with high melting point and immiscible with aluminum were used as the inducing infiltration agent, and chemical plating was also employed to coat the surface of carbon fibers with Cu. Thus the efficient and low?cost near?final forming preparation of this composite material was achieved through the metal?induced in?situ reactive infiltration technology. (B₄C+C_f)/Al composite materials were prepared by holding at 850 ℃, 900 ℃, and 950 ℃ for 90 minutes, respectively. The microstructure, produced phases, compressive properties, and bending resistance of the composites were characterized using SEM, XRD, and a universal testing machine respectively. The results show that the aluminum melt can successfully infiltrate the ceramic preform to produce lightweight aluminum matrix composites with a density ranging from 2.80 g/cm3 to 2.85 g/cm3. XRD test on the composites revealed the presence of Al, B₄C, AlB₂, Al₃BC, TiB₂, and TiC phases, but no brittle Al₄C₃ phase was observed. As the preparation temperature increased from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃, the compressive strength of the composites decreased from 290 MPa to 172 MPa, while the bending strength increased from 233.69 MPa to 375.44 MPa. The bending fracture morphology of the composites indicates that the higher the preparation temperature, the more tear edges are present in the prepared composites, and the location where cracks initiate gradually shifts from the interface between the reinforcing phases and the matrix to the interior of the matrix or the reinforcing phases.

Due to the ability of cocatalysts to form heterojunctions on the surface in contact with g?C₃N₄, promoting the migration of photo generated electrons and enhancing the photocatalytic performance of g?C₃N₄, the introduction of cocatalysts plays a significant role in improving the photocatalytic activity of g?C₃N₄. Common co?catalysts can be broadly categorized into three groups: transition metal?based cocatalysts (non?precious?metal co?catalysts), precious metal based co?catalysts, and non?metal cocatalysts. Among them, transition metal?based cocatalysts have attracted widespread attention due to their low cost and strong ability to capture electrons. This article focuses on the composite methods, mechanisms of action, and their effects on the photocatalytic performance of various transition metal based cocatalysts (such as metal oxides, sulfides, phosphides, etc.) with g?C₃N₄, aiming to provide comprehensive theoretical and practical guidance for the design and development of efficient g?C₃N₄ based photocatalysts.

OA?ZnCl₂/SG supported catalyst was synthesized by sol?gel process using octanoic acid?zinc chloride deep eutectic solvents (OA?ZnCl₂ DESs) as additive. The structure of the catalyst was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, X?ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption?desorption and scanning electron microscopy. The performance of oxidative desulfurization was studied by using OA?ZnCl₂/SG as adsorbent and catalyst, and hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The loading dose of DESs, reaction temperature, n(H₂O₂)/n(S) ratio, the amount of catalyst and the effect of different sulfides on desulfurization rate were investigated. The results show that the desulfurization rate of the catalyst reaches 95.6% under the optimal conditions, and after 5 cycles, the desulfurization rate drops to 89.7%.