The steam injection exploitation, one of the most effective technologies of heavy oil development, plays an important role in heavy oil development and increasing production. The working condition of the steam injection boiler was depicted, thermal test of the boiler body was conducted and the factors which influenced the efficiency were analyzed. In addition, the analysis model of pipeline heat loss was established, and temperature test and heat loss test was carried out. What's more, each node of the steam injection system was analyzed and corresponding measures for energy saving were proposed. As a result, the efficiency of the steam injection system was improved obviously.