Spark plasma sintering is a rapid, low⁃temperature, high⁃density sintering technique that facilitates the fabrication of dense compacts while mitigating excessive grain growth and insufficient densification. This study systematically investigated the effects of sintering pressure on the microstructure and thermophysical properties of Al⁃0.6Si composites prepared by spark plasma sintering. The results show that sintering pressure strongly influences the properties of high⁃silicon aluminum composites. At a sintering pressure of 40 MPa, the Al⁃0.6Si composite exhibits the densest microstructure and the smallest average silicon⁃phase size. Its thermal conductivity is 130.35 W/(m·K), thermal expansion coefficient is 8.51×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹, Vickers hardness is 329.2 HV, density is 2.394 3 g/cm³, and relative density reaches 96.93%. These results demonstrate that optimizing the sintering pressure is an effective route to preparing high⁃performance composites for electronic packaging and provides process guidance for their fabrication.

In order to improve the compatibility between rubber powder and matrix asphalt, the rubber powder was modified by microalgae bio?oil and compounded with SBS at 5% dosage to prepare modified asphalt. The changes of rubber powder before and after modification were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy; the dispersion of rubber in asphalt before and after modification was analyzed by viscosity, fluorescence and phase separation tests, and the mechanical properties and aging resistance of the modified asphalt were analyzed by dynamic shear rheology analysis and multiple stress creep recovery test. It was found that the incorporation of MB increased the proportion of light components in the mixing system, promoted the solubilization development of CR in asphalt, and improved the storage stability, viscoelasticity and rutting resistance of the modified asphalt.

In order to explore the microscopic mechanism of wax deposition on the pipe wall of high temperature and high?pressure condensate gas wells, this paper uses molecular dynamics simulation technology by the Materials Studio to build condensate oil system with methane, pentane, nonane,n?dodecane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, benzene and toluene,and the wax component model was built with n?octadecane, and simulate with wax content, asphaltene and scale as variables. The results show that with the increase of wax and asphaltene mass fraction, the wall wax deposition behavior can be intensified, but when the asphalt mass fraction reaches 2.0%,the wall wax deposition behavior can be inhibited.The more kinds of heteroatoms in asphaltene,the more obvious the promotion effect.When there is scale on the pipe wall, sulfate scale has a great influence on wax deposition.The understanding of microscopic mechanism provides a scientific basis for the treatment of wax deposition on the pipe wall.

In this work, the rutile mesocrystals TiO₂ were synthesized by hydrothermal method using layered titanate HTO (H_4x/3Ti_2-x/3□ _x/3O₄?nH₂O) as the precursor. By means of X?ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and other testing methods, the effect of reaction temperature on the synthesis of rutile?type mesoscopic TiO₂ crystal material by means of topological structure transformation was studied. The results reveal that rutile TiO₂ can be obtained under the condition of pH 0.5 of the reaction system, and with the gradual increase of the reaction temperature, the rutile?type mesoscopic TiO₂ crystal material is formed at 120 ℃. Taking Rhodamine B (RhB) as the pollutant model for degradation experiments, the photocatalytic activity of rutile mesocrystals TiO₂ is significantly higher than that of other samples. Experiments on dye?sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) show that the mesocrystals structure formed at 120 ℃ is conducive to the rapid migration of photogenerated carriers, thus obtaining high cell characteristics.

HP?MOF?74(Mg _x Ni_1-x ) (x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75) was synthesized by solvothermal method with Mg and Ni as central metals and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as template. Using flue gas CO₂ and N₂ as adsorbents, the performance of HP?MOF?74(Mg _x Ni_1-x ) in adsorption and separation of CO₂/N₂ at 273 K and 298 K was investigated, the isotherms of CO₂ and N₂ on three different HP?MOF?74(Mg _x Ni_1-x ) materials were measured at 273 K and 298 K by static volumetric method, and the experimental data sets were fitted by Dual Site Langmuir Freundlich (DSLF) and Single Site Langmuir Freundlich (SSLF) models. The adsorption selectivity of CO₂/N₂ binary mixture was estimated according to the Ideal Adsorption Solution Theory (IAST). In addition, the isosteric heat of adsorption (Q_st) was calculated using the Clausius Clapeyron equation. The results show that the CO₂ adsorption capacity of HP?MOF?74(Mg_0.50Ni_0.50) sample is 4.864 mmol/g at 273 K and 100 kPa; the adsorption isotherms of CO₂ and N₂ on HP?MOF?74(Mg _x Ni_1-x ) are in good agreement with Dual Site Langmuir Freundlich (DSLF) and Single Site Langmuir Freundlich (SSLF) models respectively, indicating that the adsorption behavior of CO₂ is double sites adsorption, while the adsorption behavior of N₂ is single site adsorption; at 273 K and 100 kPa, the IAST adsorption selectivity of HP?MOF?74(Mg_0.25Ni_0.75) for CO₂ is 2 263, and the adsorption capacity and selectivity are better than those of traditional adsorbent MOF?74; the CO₂ isosteric heat of adsorption on HP?MOF?74(Mg _x Ni_1-x ) is higher than that of N₂, indicating that the surface free binding energy of CO₂ on HP?MOF?74(Mg _x Ni_1-x ) is higher.

A novel distributed model predictive control (DMPC) approach based on immune algorithm (IA) to find out the optimal system decomposition structure is proposed. The IA is used to solve decomposition problems for input clustering decomposition (ICD) and input?output pairing decomposition (IOPD), which can minimize the impact of input?output coupling between systems, and then DMPC algorithm is used to control the decomposed system. This approach effectively reduces the coupling between subsystems, and reduces the communication load of the system. Finally, a heavy oil fractionation chemical process is simulated and compared with the centralized MPC simulation results to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.

The cold flow property of biodiesel can be effectively improved by pour point depressants (PPD). The terpolymer (AHM) was prepared by solution polymerization of hexadecyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride. The effect of AHM on pour point reduction of biodiesel was also investigated. The hexadecyl methacrylate and AHM were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The optimal reaction conditions of AHM were determined by single factor experiment: n(hexadecyl methacrylate)/n(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/n(maleic anhydride)=2∶1∶2, the initiator mass fraction is 3.0%, the solvent mass fraction is 65%, the reaction time is 3 h, and the reaction temperature is 85 ℃. When the mass fraction of AHM is 0.7%, the freezing point of biodiesel decreased by 12 ℃. The morphology of wax crystals precipitated from biodiesel at low temperature after adding pour point depressant was observed by polarizing microscope, and the morphology was more uniform and dense.

The influence of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) and CaCO₃ scale layer on the corrosion behavior of 20^# steel was studied by laboratory simulation experiment. The uniform corrosion rate was studied by corrosion weight loss method.The corrosion electrochemical behavior of 20^# steel in the injected aqueous solution was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP). The morphology and composition of corrosion products on the surface of 20^# steel were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS and Raman spectroscopy. The pitting pit depth of 20^# steel was analyzed by laser confocal microscopy (CLSM). The results show that there is a synergistic effect between SRB and CaCO₃ scale layer. The porosity of CaCO₃ scale layer and the anaerobic environment under the scale layer provide convenient conditions for the adhesion and growth of SRB. The inoculation of SRB can promote the uniform corrosion and local corrosion of 20^# steel under the CaCO₃ scale layer.