Abstract:

Energy shortage and environmental pollution have always been the focus of the world's attention. The use of oil, natural gas, and electricity to heat crude oil has high energy consumption and serious environmental pollution. Solar energy, as sustainable and clean energy, has become the focus of researchers from all over the world.Thus, a solar heating crude oil system was designed, and safe and easily available air was selected as the heat transfer fluid. The system consists of a solar receiver, a heat accumulator, a crude oil heat exchanger, and an electro?thermal furnace. The heat receiver receives solar radiation and the temperature rises. The air passes through the heat absorber to obtain high temperature, and the high temperature air enters the heat exchanger to heat the crude oil. A mathematical model for the analysis of the thermodynamic performance of the solar heating crude oil system was established, and the model was verified. Then, the Aspen Plus software was used to conduct thermodynamic analysis of the heatingprocess. The results show that the compressor and the preheater are the components with large exergy loss. When the pressure ratio of the compressor is 2.7, the system reaches its best state. At this situation, the thermal efficiency is 72.35%, the exergy efficiency is 73.89%, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is 72.33%.

Key words: Solar energy, Crude oil, Thermodynamics, Simulation, Performance analysis

摘要：

能源短缺和环境污染问题一直是世界所关注的热点。采用油、气、电加热原油，不仅能耗高，而且环境污染严重，太阳能作为一种可持续发展的清洁能源，已成为各国关注的焦点。为此，设计了一套太阳能加热原油系统，选择了安全且易获得的空气作为传热流体。太阳能加热原油系统由太阳能吸热器、蓄热器、原油换热器以及电热炉组成，吸热器接收太阳辐射后温度上升，空气经过吸热器获得高温，高温空气进入换热器中加热原油。建立了用于太阳能加热原油系统热力学性能分析的数学模型，并对模型进行了验证；利用Aspen Plus软件对加热过程进行了热力学分析。结果表明，压缩机和预热器是?损较大的部件，当压缩机的压比达到2.7时，太阳能加热原油系统达到最佳状态；在最佳状态下，太阳能加热原油系统的热效率为72.35%，?效率为73.89%，余热回收效率为72.33%。

关键词: 太阳能, 原油, 热力学, 模拟, 性能分析