Abstract: Microbes can improve the fluidity of waxy crude oil and increase the efficiency of transportation. The cultured Bacillus subtilis 6# and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3# were mixed and cultured in a ratio of 2∶3, the growth conditions were optimized. DSC, polarizing microscope, HAKEE rheometer and interfacial tensiometer were used to analyze the effect of compound bacteria and waxy crude oil. The results showed that: after treatment with compound bacteria, the wax precipitation point of waxy crude oil decreased by 2.23 ℃, the peak point of wax precipitation decreased by 2.71 ℃, and the wax content of crude oil decreased by 51.64%; the wax crystal structure changed significantly; the apparent viscosity of crude oil decreased by 64.72% at 37 ℃. In addition, the emulsification index of the compound bacteria on liquid paraffin was 55.39%, and the surface tension of the liquid paraffin culture medium was reduced from 79.89 mN/m to 38.83 mN/m. Compared with single bacteria, compound bacteria are more effective in removing wax and reducing viscosity, and have wider application prospects.

Key words: Microbial degradation, Biosurfactant, Waxy crude oil, Viscosity, Surface tension

摘要： 微生物能改善含蜡原油的流动性，提高运输效率。将已培养的枯草芽孢杆菌6#和铜绿假单胞菌3#按2∶3的体积比复配培养，并优化其生长条件。采用DSC、偏光显微镜、HAKEE流变仪和界面张力仪对复配菌与含蜡原油的作用效果进行分析。经复配菌处理后，含蜡原油的析蜡点降低了2.23 ℃，析蜡高峰点降低了2.71 ℃，原油含蜡量（原油中蜡质量分数）降低51.64%；蜡晶结构发生了明显变化；37 ℃下测得原油表观黏度降低了64.72%；复配菌对液体石蜡的乳化指数为55.39%，液体石蜡培养基的表面张力从79.89 mN/m 降低至38.83 mN/m。与单菌相比，复配菌在除蜡降黏方面效果更为优异，应用前景更为广阔。

关键词: 微生物降解, 生物表面活性剂, 含蜡原油, 黏度, 表面张力