Abstract: Microbial paraffin removal and prevention has the advantages of low cost, safe operation and no damage to the formation. The effects of complex environment on microbial degradation were introduced, the effects of microbial degradation enzymes were analyzed,the effects of organic solvents and biological surfactants produced by microorganisms on the degradation of waxy crude oil were elaborated. Based on this, it is pointed out that the microbial technology should strengthen the research on the production mechanism of microbial degradation enzyme, organic solvent and surfactant, so that the microbial degradation of waxy crude oil has a broader application prospect

Key words: Microbial degradation, Waxy crude oil, Paraffin, Enzymes

摘要： 微生物清防蜡具有成本低、操作安全、对地层无任何损伤等优点。介绍了复杂环境对微生物降解的影响，分析了微生物降解酶的作用，阐述了微生物产生的有机溶剂和生物表面活性剂降解含蜡原油的情况。基于此，指出应加强研究微生物降解酶的产生机理、有机溶剂的产生机理和表面活性剂的产生机理，使微生物对含蜡原油的降解技术有更为广阔的应用前景

关键词: 微生物降解, 含蜡原油, 石蜡, 生物酶