Abstract: Among the anode materials, silicon is an ideal anode material for high⁃energy and high⁃power lithium ion batteries because of its exceptionally high theoretical capacity (4 200 mA·h/g) and low operation potential (~0.4 V vs Li/Li+). However, the huge volume change of silicon anode material during Li+ insertion/extraction processes causes serious structural damage and rapid capacity decay. In this paper, the lithium storage mechanism, structure evolution process, interface reaction and dynamic behavior of silicon anode material were explored. The recent progress of surface and interface modification methods, focusing on silicon electrode surface modification, electrolyte optimization and binder development, and their applications in lithium⁃ion batteries were reviewed. Challenges and perspectives about the future development of the surface and interface control of silicon anode were proposed.

Key words: Lithium ion battery, Silicon anode, Surface modification, Interface optimization

摘要： 在锂离子电池众多负极材料中，硅具有超高的理论比容量（4 200 mA·h/g）和较低的嵌锂电位（约为0.4 V vs Li/Li+），是制备高能量、高功率锂离子电池理想的负极材料。然而，在嵌/脱锂过程中，硅负极巨大的体积变化造成电极材料严重的结构破坏和快速的容量衰减。梳理了硅作为锂离子电池负极材料的储锂机制、结构演变、界面反应和动力学行为等方面的研究，总结了表面和界面改性在锂离子电池硅基负极材料中应用的最新进展，阐述内容主要包括硅电极的表面修饰、电解液的优化和黏结剂的开发等，并对硅负极材料表面和界面改性进行了展望。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 硅负极, 表面修饰, 界面优化