Abstract:

Based on China petroleum strategy reserve and the development trend of large-scale storage tank, the idea of referring the advancement of foreign tank design standards was raised. In allusion to the tank operation management and tank safety, the advancement of American and Russia tank construction standard was studied in detail, including strictly limited tank safe distance and fire-dike effective volume, and advanced design idea of tank level gauge and adjacent tank cooling method under tank fire accident and the mature recommended practice of floating tank roof condition monitoring and tank leakage protection, and the new technology under liquid foam injection and tank foundation drilling leakage inspection technique. Finally, the suggestion of adopting American and Russia tank construction standard was made.

Key words: Tank, Standard, American, Russia, Construction, Safe, Firefighting

摘要：  基于我国原油战略储备和储罐大型化发展趋势, 提出了研究借鉴国外先进标准的理念。以储罐运行
管理和安全消防为例, 深入研究了美国和俄罗斯储罐建设标准的先进性。先进性主要表现在: 储罐安全距离、 防火
堤有效容积等方面的技术指标参数更为严格; 在储罐液位计冗余设计、 储罐发生火灾时相邻储罐冷却等方面, 其设
计理念更为先进; 针对内浮顶储罐浮盘状态监视、 储罐防渗设计等问题, 规定了较成熟的推荐做法; 研发了液下泡沫
灭火、 储罐基础钻孔探漏等新技术。最后, 针对借鉴美国和俄罗斯储罐建设标准先进经验, 提出了一些建议。

关键词: 储罐, 标准, 美国, 俄罗斯, 建设, 安全, 消防