Characterization of MP-Like Catalysts and Investigation on Catalytic Activity of Methane Combustion
REN Xiao-guang, ZHENG Jian-dong, SONG Yong-ji, YU Jun-ying
2008, 21 (1): 1-3.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1659KB ) ( ) 　　
A series of MP-like catalysts LaAAl₁₁O₁₉ and LaAMnAl₁₀O₁₉ (A stands of Cd,Zn,Zr) were prepared by co-precipitation method. The structure and the properties of these catalysts were investigated by using BET,XRD techniques and activities of methane catalytic combustion. The influence of different transition metal on the morphological and catalytic activity of the catalysts was studied. The results show that the catalyst with good crystal is obtained after calcination at 1 200 ℃. And all catalysts have the high catalytic activity and stability. The introduction of different transition metal has much effect on the properties of catalysts. The synergism is observed between the different metal ion. Catalytic activity is enhanced by synergism. LaZnMnAl₁₀O₁₉  has the higher catalytic activity in methane combustion and its light-off T 10% is 472 ℃, total conversion  T 90% is 734 ℃.
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Synthesis and Catalytic Performance Evaluation  of Three Kinds of MWW Zeolites
OUYANG Su-fang, LI Ying-xia*, LI Jian-wei, CHEN Biao-hua
2008, 21 (1): 4-7.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1990KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The zeolites of MCM-22, MCM-49 and MCM-56 which have MWW layered structure were synthesised by dynamic hydrothermal method. The structure, pore volume distribution and acid property of these samples were characterized by means of XRD, BET, NH₃-TPD and Pyridine-IR.The catalytic performance of these zeolites were experimentally compared with the model reaction of alkylation of benzene with propylene, the relationship between product distribution, pore structure and acid property was also investigated. The results show that MCM-49 have the most amount of B acid sites, whereas the L acid sites predominates in MCM-56 zeolite. These three zeolites all have good catalytic performance and similar product distribution and the conversions of propylene over them are more than 99.9%.The selectivity of isopropyl benzene(IPB) over MCM-49 zeolite is the highest. However, the amount of n-propyl benzene is the highest too. Deep alkylation of IPB tend to take place on the external surface due to the small steric effect of MCM-56, so the amount of diisopropyl benzene and tri- isopropyl benzene in MCM-56 are higher than the other two zeolites.
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Characteristics of Treatment of Phenolic Wastewater From Oil Refinery by HCR Process
ZHOU Ru-jin, CHENG Li-hua, LI De-hao, ZHONG Hua-wen, LIN Pei-xi
2008, 21 (1): 8-11.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 4022KB ) ( ) 　　
 
An experimental facility to be used to treat phenolic wastewater from oil refinery by HCR (high performance reactor) process was set up and some factors on degradation of phenol and COD in operation, including residence time of wastewater, concentration of phenol, temperature and impact load were investigated. Compared with activated sludge process ,the results obtained by HCR process show some characteristics such as shorter residence time of wastewater, wider range of temperature in operation, higher concentration of phenol in wastewater to be treated and stronger resistance to dynamic impact of water load. The percents of phenol and COD degradation were over 85% and 75% respectively under the 2 h of residence time, 105 mg/L concentration of phenol and 381 mg/L of COD in wastewater. The operation in HCR process could keep stable. High performance of degradation and stable operation made HCR process suitable to pretreatment phenolic wastewater from oil refinery.
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Synthesis and Characterization of BAPO-5 Molecular Sieves
FENG Li-li, ZHU Yue-lin, QI Xing-yi*, LI Zheng
2008, 21 (1): 12-15.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 4981KB ) ( ) 　　
 
A series of boron aluminophosphate molecular sieves (BAPO-5) were synthesized by static hydrothermally method using the gel composition n(B₂O₃)/n(Al₂O₃)/ nP₂O₅)/ n(Et3N)/ n(H₂O)=x∶y ∶1.5∶2∶240 . Based on the synthesized BAPO-5 molecular sieves, many of characterization was carried out by XRD, SEM, BET, FT-IR, MAS-NMR methods. It shows that the series of boron aluminophosphate molecular sieves with different boron contents are prepared in the[KG*4] range of 0＜ n(B₂O₃)/ n(Al₂O₃)＜0.08. And the crystal structure of BAPO-5 molecular sieves is attributed to the AFI structure type, which is the same as AlPO₄-5. With the increase of the boron content, BET surface area and pore volume of BAPO-5 molecular sieves are also increased. This provides evidence of boron as heteroatom in the framework of BAPO-5 molecular sieves. It is observed that coordination environments of Al and P in the framework of BAPO-5 are AlO₄ and PO₄. Therefore, AlPO₄-5 framework-incorporated B atoms brings no change of coordination environments of Al and P and structure type of BAPO-5 molecular sieves. In addition, SEM images show that the synthesized BAPO-5 molecular sieves have a regular hexagonal prism morphology. 
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Correlativity Research Between Topological Dyeing Index and Gas Chromatography Retention Index of Fatty Esters
DU Xi-hua, FENG Chang-jun
2008, 21 (1): 16-20.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1007KB ) ( ) 　　
 
In order to study on the QSRR of fatty esters, 100 fatty esters were optimized by semiempirical calculations AM1，then calculated them by quantum chemistry algorithnl and the technique of molecule graphics and AM1 to acquire the Kier index and Kappa shape index. Based on the molecular topological thoery， introduced a modified topological dyeing index  ^mL  and use these index to study on the correlational relationship of gas chromatography retention index of 100 esters，the correlation coefficient was 0.999 and the mean relative error was 1.02%. These models can better indicate the change rule of retention indices for the fatty esters，and the QSRR models have high relative coefficients，good stability and good predictability.
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Wettability of the Organic Bentonite Modified by MDFFA Mixed With  Other Alkyl Quaternary Ammonnium Salts
HAN Fan-zhen, GAO Mang-lai*, LIU Yong-bin
2008, 21 (1): 21-24.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2947KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Washburn method was applied to investigate on the wettability of the organic bentonite modified by molecular deposition filming flooding agent (MDFFA) mixed with tetraethyl ammonium bromide ［(Et)₄NB］, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The results show that the organic bentonite absorbed MDFFA is more hydrophilic than that of organic bentonite absorbed (Et)₄NB,DTAB,CTAB, then the oil wettability of organic bentonite absorbed MDFFA is lower than others. For the solution of MDFFA mixed with (Et)₄NB,DTAB or CTAB, with the increase of MDFFA volume proportion the organic bentonite is more hydrophilic and the oil wettability is lower, especially for the organic bentonite treated by the solution of MDFFA mixed with (Et)₄NB, when (Et)₄NB mixed with a little MDFFA the organic bentonite is more hydrophilic than that of absorbed (Et)₄NB and the oil wettability is lower obviously.
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Effect of Modifying Condition on Coking Content of Catalyst Used in Catalytic Pyrolysis Process
WANG Jing-qin, CAO Zu-bin*， ZHANG Jin-sheng
2008, 21 (1): 25-29.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1508KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Steam treatment and phosporous modification were applied to modify ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for hydrocracking tail oil catalytic pyrolysis process, and the effect of steam and phosphorous modification on the coking content，coking composition，acidity, specific surface and aperture were studied. The results show when the content of phosphorous is 0.4 mmol/g, the temperature of steam treatment is 500 ℃, and the processing time is 5 h, the reducing degree of the pour point of hydrocracking tail oil is the maximum, meanwhile the coking content of ZSM-5 catalyst is less. After modifying by different methods, the acidity, specific surface and aperture have decreased by different degree. Under the same conditions, the coking content of steam-phosphorous modification is the least, the ratio of hydrogen and carbon is the maximum, after steam-phosphorous modification, the anti-coking performance of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst has improvement. 
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 Cationic Photocuring Reaction of TMPE/Bisphenol-A Epoxy Resin
YIN Wen－hua, WU Bi-yao*
2008, 21 (1): 30-33.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3995KB ) ( ) 　　
Using triarylsulfonium hexafluorophospate salts as cationic photocuring catalysts, the photocuring reaction of Tung oil modified phenolic epoxy resin (TMPE) and bisphenol-A epoxy resin (E-44) was researched. The influence of reactive condition on photocuring rate was investigated with gel percent of the system. Coating structure before and after the photocuring reaction was charactered by FT-IR spectrum.The results show that both of structure and concentration of photo-initiator can influent the photocuring rate of the reactive system, and Omnicat 550 has higher catalytic activity than Omnicat 432 and the photocuring rate is proportional to the concentration of photo-initiator. Except of phenothiazine, the other two photo-sensitizers - anthracene and BPO can promote the initiation of Omnicat 432.Different kinds of epoxy and vinyl ether diluents can make the photocuring rate variety，and the photocuring rate is increased with the concentration of epoxy group in the system．At last, the phenomenon of post-curing of this system is appeared in this system. 
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Preparation of Polycarboxylate Terpolymer Superplasticizer of  PMA-AA-AMPS
ZHU Lu-hua， LIU Ming-hua*， OU Jian-yun
2008, 21 (1): 34-37.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2712KB ) ( ) 　　
Polymaleic acid was synthesized in water phase by adopting maleic acid as raw material and H₂O₂ as initiator. Then a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer of PMA-AA-AMPS was synthesized by using polymaleic acid (PMA), acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamido-2 methyl-propane sulfonic acid as raw materials, ammonium persulfate as initiator in aqueous media. Additionally, the polymerization conditions were optimized. The results indicate that the copolymer can be prepared under such optimum conditions, i.e., 6∶3∶1.2 molar ratio of MA，AA and AMPS，8% of the mass fraction of ammonium persulfate，6% of the mass fraction of formate sodium, 85 ℃ of the polymerization temperature and 3 h of the reaction time. The characterization results of FTIR indicate that the prepared terpolymer contains functional anionic groups such as carboxyl，hydroxyl，sulphonate and amido groups. The number average molecular weight of the PMAAA from GPC is 5 743 g/mol occupying 81.36% of the whole mass fraction.
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A New Model for Simulating Batch Extractive Distillation
HU Hui, WU Hui-xiong
2008, 21 (1): 38-41.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1978KB ) ( ) 　　
A new shortcut model was proposed to simulate the operation of the batch extractive distillation operations to overcome the obstacles of over-complexity and bad adaptability of rigorous model. The whole batch process is simulated as a succession of a finite number of steady states of short duration, the duration of 0.02 h was chosen to meet the terms of accuracy and calculation time requirements. The practical implementation of the novel shortcut model was discussed through the example of methanol-acetone-water and ethanol-water-glycol system. Laboratory and literature results from shortcut model were compared and the largest error was below 3% for laboratory and literature results. This model has indeed better steady state, less calculative load and adaptability. It can be conveniently used in the future to estimate and optimize batch extractive distillation in the design and product planning stages.
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Preparation and Performances Research of Two Kinds of Polymerizable Quaternary Ammonium Salt
CHEN Yu, TANG Huan-lin, LIU Yun-fei, YU Hai-peng, LIU Yi-xing, TAN Hui-min
2008, 21 (1): 42-45.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1663KB ) ( ) 　　
Two kinds of polymerizable vinyl quaternary ammonium salt, namely dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride and trimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride respectively, were prepared via the SN₂ nucleophilic substitution of the allyl chloride with the tertiary amine. The structure of the prepared quaternary ammonium salts were characterized through the methods of element analysis, FTIR, H¹－NMR and C¹³－NMR. Two kinds of polyampholytic superabsorbent polymer, which include CMCTS-g-(PAA-co-PDMDAAC) and CMCTS-g-(PAA-co-TMAAC) respectively, were prepared through graft copolymerization of prepared vinyl quaternary ammonium salt and acrylic acid onto the chain of carboxymethyl chitosan, initiated with persulfate and crosslinked properly. The structure of the superbasorbent polymer was characterized by FTIR. Influence of the pH value of the solution on the swelling ratio of the polyampholytic superabsorbent polymer was studied. 
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Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica Modified by Cerium
TIAN Zhi-ming, DENG Qi-gang, ZHAO De-feng
2008, 21 (1): 46-50.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2446KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Mesoporous silica molecular sieve Ce-SO₄^2--SBA-15 was synthesized via incipient-wetness impregnation. Characterization was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopic, nitrogen adsorption techniques . The results show that cerium has been incorporated into SBA-15 molecular sieve．The prepared materials keep the highly ordered mesoporous two-dimensional hexagonal structure and the mesoporous channel structure．The acid strength (pH=1.8 ) on catalyst surface was determined by mean of Hammett indication method,and attribute to solid acid.The catalyst prepared by impregnating SBA-15 in solution of 0.1 mol/L ceric sulfate and being calcined at 300 ℃ for 3 h showed best catalytic activity in synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The yield of n-butyl acetate was up 95.7% under the optimum conditions.
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The Determination of Turbulent Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient Through a Duct Considering Fouling Mass Transfer Process
WU Shuang-ying, SU Chang, LI You-rong
2008, 21 (1): 51-54.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2382KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Based on the combination of thin film model reflecting heat and mass transfer synchronously with the asymptotic fouling model proposed by Kern and Seaton, the convective heat transfer characteristic through a duct under turbulent flow conditions at the forming period of fouling was investigated and a quantitative expression of the turbulent convective heat transfer coefficient through a duct considering fouling mass transfer process was presented. The results show that the deposition of fouling makes the whole convective heat transfer coefficient is decrease gradually with time and close to a constant. Compared with a clean duct, the heat transfer at the initial forming period of fouling is enhanced, but this phenomenon is not obvious. Furthermore, the whole convective heat transfer coefficient is determined by duct diameter, duct wall temperature, flow velocity, and inlet temperature of fluid, etc.
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Simulation Flow Filed of Hydraulics of Two Phases Fluid on Sieve Tray
LIU De-xin, LI Xin-gang, XU Shi-min*
2008, 21 (1): 55-59.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 7981KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Considering the drag force, virtual mass force and lift force in the Eulerian framework as two interpenetrating phases, three-dimensional flow field in a 0.3 m diameter sieve tray of the fractionating tower were simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) STAR－CD v3.26 softerwire. The numerical convergence standard of the computing unstable flow field is the numerical clear liquid height. On the different gas velocities, the numerical results of clear liquid height was in accordance with experimental results. It shows that the method of CFD simulation the flow filed of the liquid and gas phase in the sieve tray of the fractionating tower is doable and credible. The simulation results show that there is the district of the main flow, inverse flow and circulation flow. When clear liquid height increased, the area of inverse flow decreased. There is the interphase momentum exchange of the liquid and gas phase in the sieve tray of the fractionating tower.
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Gas Explosion′s  Influence on Plant Layout
MENG Yi-fei, JIANG Jun-cheng
2008, 21 (1): 60-65.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2144KB ) ( ) 　　
Gas explosion′s influence analyzing on plant layout was divided into three steps, which were flammable gas scope confirmation, explosion energy confirmation and distance confirmation for different units. Considering both the maneuverability and creditability of the system, appropriate methods were proposed for the three steps: suitable empirical gas dispersion models for flammable gas scope confirmation; TNO multi-energy model for explosion energy confirmation; shock wave′s different harm classes on people and facility were chosen as performance-based targets for distance confirmation between different units. With ALOHA as the gas dispersion computation tool, a plant layout design drawing of a methanol decomposing hydrogen factory in Nanjing was taken as an example to demonstrate the flow, from which the disadvantages of the design drawing are brought forward, and a new plant layout design drawing is put forward, and the feasibility of the flow is thereby validated.
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Arc Static Characteristics of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Under High Air Ambient Pressure
ZHOU Can-feng, JIAO Xiang-dong, XUE Long, CHEN Jia-qing, WANG Zhong-hui, L Tao, FANG Xiao-ming
2008, 21 (1): 66-69.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3519KB ) ( ) 　　
he hyperbaric welding test chamber and the automatic GTAW machine were developed for high air ambient pressures. The arc static characteristics curves were tested under 0.1~0.7 MPa air ambient pressures, and the mathematical model of GTAW between arc voltage and parameters such as air ambient pressure, arc length, and current, was created. Based on arc static characteristics and the arc voltage mathematical model, main parameters of the automatic GTAW machine and the welding power were set, then typical position free forming joints of 16Mn steel plate under 0.1~0.7 MPa were manufactured, which were classified as class A in AWS D3.6M: 1999.
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Design of Digital Pipeline Information Management Systems Based on Web GIS
WANG Wei-qiang， WU Ming*， LI Ping， WANG Yong， HU Zhi-yong， WANG Wei-min
2008, 21 (1): 70-73.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 5440KB ) ( ) 　　
 
A common Web GIS framework was designed for the long transmission oil & gas pipeline. A digital pipeline Information Management Systems (IMS) was developed on the ArcGIS platform, which was based on VB.NET, Javascript, Microsoft SQL Server and computer aided analyze technology. In the case of licensed, the functions were realized in the designed system, which concluded sharing space information, map zooming in and out, map moving, diagram layer control, visiting viewdata, searching information, special subject analysis. The systems can serve the whole management and improve work efficiency in the long transmission oil & gas pipeline, and it is one of the forcefully assistant tools in managing pipeline department.
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Numerical Simulation of Extrusion Characteristics of Triangle Arrayed Triple Screw Reactor
ZENG Wen
2008, 21 (1): 74-77.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 5847KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Triangle arrayed triple screw reactor (TATSR) is a newly multiple screw equipment of polymer processing. The studies about structural design and extrusion technics of TATSR are still in the initiatory conditions. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, the polymer melt flow in TATSR was simulated by computer. The mixing and flow of polymer melt in special central region of TATSR were also studied. Moreover, the extrusion characteristics of TATSR were calculated and compared with those of twin screw and four-screw reactor. The results show that the minimal axial velocity of polymer flow have appeared in central region with small area but not in that with big area. The flow dead zone is in the center of the central region with big area. By comparison, the TATSR has higher efficiency of pumping, plasticization and mixing than that of twin screw reactor. At the same time, the productivity ratio of TATSR is bigger than that of twin screw and four-screw extruder. So TATSR has a good outlook of engineering application.
 
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Numerical Simulation of Flows in the Flowrate Measurement Section With a Rectifier in a Natural Gas Pipe
LI Zhen-lin
2008, 21 (1): 78-81.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 4517KB ) ( ) 　　
The accuracy of a flowmeter is influenced greatly by the flow field structure in the natural gas pipeline. The numerical simulation was introduced to study the flows in a natural gas pipeline. The flow fields in a diffusive pipeline with different rectifiers were computed as examples. The result show that the length of the irregular flow induced by the diffuser is abut 17 times of the pipe diameter. The effect of a rectifier is obvious. The length of the irregular flows with a plate rectifier is about 12 times of the pipe diameter. The length of the irregular flows induced by the diffuser with a tube rectifier is about 6 times of the pipe diameter. The conclusions will be very useful for the flowmeter selection and installation. It provides a new method for the study of improving the natural gas measurement accuracy.
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Design and Implement on Integrated Finance Administration System
LI Xiu-fei, LIU Xiao-bing
2008, 21 (1): 82-86.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3416KB ) ( ) 　　
Corporation collectivize production model and integrated finance administration system were proposed for the problem of corporation finance administration, which was based on the integration relation and system requirement analysis with each tache of supply, production and sale. The son systems function of the integrated finance administration was designed. The integrated finance administration system with C/S, B/S model was empoldered using UML, STRUTS frame model and J2EE component flat roof. The practicability, validity and economy of the system are proved through the application in a group company.
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Research on Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Metal Material Based on Wavelet Transform
GONG Bin， JIN Wen， LI Zhao-nan, JIN Zhi- hao
2008, 21 (1): 87-91.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 9531KB ) ( ) 　　
The acoustic emission signals were measured during plastic deformation and crack propagation in Q235-B and 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel.Wavelet transform was applied to analyze inspection signal for investigating the acoustic emission characteristics of material. The results show that the acoustic emission signal of carbon steel is analyzed by six-layer db5 wavelet transform, the most energy is concentrated in d5 level.Peak frequency is located in the range of 166~176 kHz.Energy ratio in d5 level is higher during crack propagation than palstic transform.While the acoustic emission signal of stainless steel through the same wavelet transform, the most energy is concentrated in d6 level.Peak frequency is located in the range of 88～112 kHz. Energy ratio in d6 level is higher during crack propagation than palstic transform.
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The Symplectic Geometry Characterization of Self-Adjoint Domains for Symmetric Differential Operators in Direct SumSpaces（I）
WANG Zhi-jing, SONG Dai-cai
2008, 21 (1): 92-95.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1038KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The characterization of self-adjoint domains for symmetric differential operators with interior singular points in the direct sum spaces was investigated. By constructing different quotient spaces, using the method of symplectic geometry, the self-adjoint extensions of symmetric differential operators in the direct sum spaces for the different deficiency indices at (2,2)singular points was discussed . The classification and description of complete Lagrangian submanifold that correspond with self-adjoint domains of second order differential operators were given. 
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The Backward Bifurcation of a Kind of Two-Strain Epidemic  Model With Vaccination
XIE Li-hong, SONG Dai-cai
2008, 21 (1): 96-99.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 999KB ) ( ) 　　
A kind of two-strain SEIJV epidemic model with two-strain and vaccination was set up. This vaccine provides complete against strain 2, but only partial against strain 1 or the vaccinated individual may be infected by strain 1. It is also assumed that strain 1 can mutate into stran 2 at a rate. The reproduction numbers of this model were given. The existence of stability of these equilibria are presented. Under certain conditions, it shows that this model exhibits have backward bifurcations.
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