The zeolites of MCM-22, MCM-49 and MCM-56 which have MWW layered structure were synthesised by dynamic hydrothermal method. The structure, pore volume distribution and acid property of these samples were characterized by means of XRD, BET, NH ₃-TPD and Pyridine-IR.The catalytic performance of these zeolites were experimentally compared with the model reaction of alkylation of benzene with propylene, the relationship between product distribution, pore structure and acid property was also investigated. The results show that MCM-49 have the most amount of B acid sites, whereas the L acid sites predominates in MCM-56 zeolite. These three zeolites all have good catalytic performance and similar product distribution and the conversions of propylene over them are more than 99.9%.The selectivity of isopropyl benzene(IPB) over MCM-49 zeolite is the highest. However, the amount of n-propyl benzene is the highest too. Deep alkylation of IPB tend to take place on the external surface due to the small steric effect of MCM-56, so the amount of diisopropyl benzene and tri- isopropyl benzene in MCM-56 are higher than the other two zeolites.

An experimental facility to be used to treat phenolic wastewater from oil refinery by HCR (high performance reactor) process was set up and some factors on degradation of phenol and COD in operation, including residence time of wastewater, concentration of phenol, temperature and impact load were investigated. Compared with activated sludge process ,the results obtained by HCR process show some characteristics such as shorter residence time of wastewater, wider range of temperature in operation, higher concentration of phenol in wastewater to be treated and stronger resistance to dynamic impact of water load. The percents of phenol and COD degradation were over 85% and 75% respectively under the 2 h of residence time, 105 mg/L concentration of phenol and 381 mg/L of COD in wastewater. The operation in HCR process could keep stable. High performance of degradation and stable operation made HCR process suitable to pretreatment phenolic wastewater from oil refinery.

A series of boron aluminophosphate molecular sieves (BAPO-5) were synthesized by static hydrothermally method using the gel composition n(B ₂O ₃)/n(Al ₂O ₃)/ nP ₂O ₅)/ n(Et3N)/ n(H ₂O)=x∶y ∶1.5∶2∶240 . Based on the synthesized BAPO-5 molecular sieves, many of characterization was carried out by XRD, SEM, BET, FT-IR, MAS-NMR methods. It shows that the series of boron aluminophosphate molecular sieves with different boron contents are prepared in the[KG*4] range of 0＜ n(B ₂O ₃)/ n(Al ₂O ₃)＜0.08. And the crystal structure of BAPO-5 molecular sieves is attributed to the AFI structure type, which is the same as AlPO ₄-5. With the increase of the boron content, BET surface area and pore volume of BAPO-5 molecular sieves are also increased. This provides evidence of boron as heteroatom in the framework of BAPO-5 molecular sieves. It is observed that coordination environments of Al and P in the framework of BAPO-5 are AlO ₄ and PO ₄. Therefore, AlPO ₄-5 framework-incorporated B atoms brings no change of coordination environments of Al and P and structure type of BAPO-5 molecular sieves. In addition, SEM images show that the synthesized BAPO-5 molecular sieves have a regular hexagonal prism morphology. 

In order to study on the QSRR of fatty esters, 100 fatty esters were optimized by semiempirical calculations AM1，then calculated them by quantum chemistry algorithnl and the technique of molecule graphics and AM1 to acquire the Kier index and Kappa shape index. Based on the molecular topological thoery， introduced a modified topological dyeing index  ^mL  and use these index to study on the correlational relationship of gas chromatography retention index of 100 esters，the correlation coefficient was 0.999 and the mean relative error was 1.02%. These models can better indicate the change rule of retention indices for the fatty esters，and the QSRR models have high relative coefficients，good stability and good predictability.

Washburn method was applied to investigate on the wettability of the organic bentonite modified by molecular deposition filming flooding agent (MDFFA) mixed with tetraethyl ammonium bromide ［(Et) ₄NB］, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The results show that the organic bentonite absorbed MDFFA is more hydrophilic than that of organic bentonite absorbed (Et) ₄NB,DTAB,CTAB, then the oil wettability of organic bentonite absorbed MDFFA is lower than others. For the solution of MDFFA mixed with (Et) ₄NB,DTAB or CTAB, with the increase of MDFFA volume proportion the organic bentonite is more hydrophilic and the oil wettability is lower, especially for the organic bentonite treated by the solution of MDFFA mixed with (Et) ₄NB, when (Et) ₄NB mixed with a little MDFFA the organic bentonite is more hydrophilic than that of absorbed (Et) ₄NB and the oil wettability is lower obviously.

Steam treatment and phosporous modification were applied to modify ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for hydrocracking tail oil catalytic pyrolysis process, and the effect of steam and phosphorous modification on the coking content，coking composition，acidity, specific surface and aperture were studied. The results show when the content of phosphorous is 0.4 mmol/g, the temperature of steam treatment is 500 ℃, and the processing time is 5 h, the reducing degree of the pour point of hydrocracking tail oil is the maximum, meanwhile the coking content of ZSM-5 catalyst is less. After modifying by different methods, the acidity, specific surface and aperture have decreased by different degree. Under the same conditions, the coking content of steam-phosphorous modification is the least, the ratio of hydrogen and carbon is the maximum, after steam-phosphorous modification, the anti-coking performance of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst has improvement. 

Mesoporous silica molecular sieve Ce-SO ₄ ^2--SBA-15 was synthesized via incipient-wetness impregnation. Characterization was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopic, nitrogen adsorption techniques . The results show that cerium has been incorporated into SBA-15 molecular sieve．The prepared materials keep the highly ordered mesoporous two-dimensional hexagonal structure and the mesoporous channel structure．The acid strength (pH=1.8 ) on catalyst surface was determined by mean of Hammett indication method,and attribute to solid acid.The catalyst prepared by impregnating SBA-15 in solution of 0.1 mol/L ceric sulfate and being calcined at 300 ℃ for 3 h showed best catalytic activity in synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The yield of n-butyl acetate was up 95.7% under the optimum conditions.

Based on the combination of thin film model reflecting heat and mass transfer synchronously with the asymptotic fouling model proposed by Kern and Seaton, the convective heat transfer characteristic through a duct under turbulent flow conditions at the forming period of fouling was investigated and a quantitative expression of the turbulent convective heat transfer coefficient through a duct considering fouling mass transfer process was presented. The results show that the deposition of fouling makes the whole convective heat transfer coefficient is decrease gradually with time and close to a constant. Compared with a clean duct, the heat transfer at the initial forming period of fouling is enhanced, but this phenomenon is not obvious. Furthermore, the whole convective heat transfer coefficient is determined by duct diameter, duct wall temperature, flow velocity, and inlet temperature of fluid, etc.

Considering the drag force, virtual mass force and lift force in the Eulerian framework as two interpenetrating phases, three-dimensional flow field in a 0.3 m diameter sieve tray of the fractionating tower were simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) STAR－CD v3.26 softerwire. The numerical convergence standard of the computing unstable flow field is the numerical clear liquid height. On the different gas velocities, the numerical results of clear liquid height was in accordance with experimental results. It shows that the method of CFD simulation the flow filed of the liquid and gas phase in the sieve tray of the fractionating tower is doable and credible. The simulation results show that there is the district of the main flow, inverse flow and circulation flow. When clear liquid height increased, the area of inverse flow decreased. There is the interphase momentum exchange of the liquid and gas phase in the sieve tray of the fractionating tower.

A common Web GIS framework was designed for the long transmission oil & gas pipeline. A digital pipeline Information Management Systems (IMS) was developed on the ArcGIS platform, which was based on VB.NET, Javascript, Microsoft SQL Server and computer aided analyze technology. In the case of licensed, the functions were realized in the designed system, which concluded sharing space information, map zooming in and out, map moving, diagram layer control, visiting viewdata, searching information, special subject analysis. The systems can serve the whole management and improve work efficiency in the long transmission oil & gas pipeline, and it is one of the forcefully assistant tools in managing pipeline department.

Triangle arrayed triple screw reactor (TATSR) is a newly multiple screw equipment of polymer processing. The studies about structural design and extrusion technics of TATSR are still in the initiatory conditions. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, the polymer melt flow in TATSR was simulated by computer. The mixing and flow of polymer melt in special central region of TATSR were also studied. Moreover, the extrusion characteristics of TATSR were calculated and compared with those of twin screw and four-screw reactor. The results show that the minimal axial velocity of polymer flow have appeared in central region with small area but not in that with big area. The flow dead zone is in the center of the central region with big area. By comparison, the TATSR has higher efficiency of pumping, plasticization and mixing than that of twin screw reactor. At the same time, the productivity ratio of TATSR is bigger than that of twin screw and four-screw extruder. So TATSR has a good outlook of engineering application.

 

The characterization of self-adjoint domains for symmetric differential operators with interior singular points in the direct sum spaces was investigated. By constructing different quotient spaces, using the method of symplectic geometry, the self-adjoint extensions of symmetric differential operators in the direct sum spaces for the different deficiency indices at (2,2)singular points was discussed . The classification and description of complete Lagrangian submanifold that correspond with self-adjoint domains of second order differential operators were given. 

Differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscope were used to characterize the melting behavior and isothermal crystallization kinetics of pure poly(lactide) and blends of PLA with nucleating agents at varying isothermal crystallization temperatures. Two small crystallization exothermic peak were observed prior to the major melting endothermic peak in the heating scans. This phenomenon occurred lower 10 ℃ in PLA/Talc blends. All nucleating agents increased the crystallization rate of PLA, but Talc was the most effective one. With Talc, at 125 ℃, t _1/2 from 7.78 min to 3.33 min, tmax from 7.84 min to 3.18 min; at 130 ℃,10 min,degree of crystallinity improved 19%.The nucleation mechanism and geometry of crystal growth of PLA and its blends are same. 

The MC nylon 6/ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by using the in-situ polymerizing reaction, and its isothermal crystallization behavior was studied by the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The results show that the crystallization rate of both MC

nylon 6 and MC nylon 6/ZnO nanocomposite are controlled by the nucleating process at 188 ℃ to 196 ℃. As compared to MC nylon 6, the crystallization rate G of MC nylon 6/ZnO nanocomposite increases 0.1~0.3 min-1. It is found that the increase of the crystallization rate of MC nylon 6 due to the nano-sized ZnO was used as the heterophase crystal nucleating agents. For both MC nylon 6 and MC nylon 6/ZnO nanocomposite, with increasing the crystallization temperature, the crystallization rate G and its constant k is decreased, the time t1/2 of the half crystallization and that tmax of the maximum crystallization rate is shortened. However, for comparison with MC nylon 6, the decrease content is more obvious for MC nylon 6/ZnO nanocomposite.

The different method and condition were used to prepare Au/Co ₃O ₄ catalysts and Co ₃O ₄ support.The aqueous precipitation and deposition-precipitation method were used to prepare Au/Co ₃O ₄ catalysts. The effect of preparation method and the condition of support on the catalyst activity of CO was investigated. The BET, XRD, TPR and XPS were carried out to analyze the influence factor on the catalysts activity. The results show that the catalytic activity is effected by preparation method distinctly, the catalyst prepared by deposition-precipitation method has higher activity than the other catalysts. Furthermore, the preparation conditions of support also affected the catalyst activity and the addition of dispersant and use of microwave in the support preparation process can improve the catalytic activity. The result of XPS indicates that Au δ+ species is catalytic activity component, the increasing of OH ^- content can promote catalytic activity. The result of TPR indicates that addition of gold can accelerate the reduction of support and improve catalytic activity.

The application of BrØnsted acidic ionic liquids of ［BMIM］HSO ₄ and H ₂SO ₄ as catalyst in alkylating desulfurization technology of gasoline was studied. The result shows that the mixture of ［BMIM］ HSO ₄ and H ₂SO ₄ has better selectivity than sulfuric acid on catalyzing the alkylation of thiophene and alkene, under the same reaction condition. The conversion rate of thiophene increases as reaction temperature increases, but when the temperature is higher than 45 ℃, hexene decreases sharply due to polymerization. The conversion rate of thiophene increases with the increasing of reaction time, it costs about 2h to meet the equilibrium of reaction between thiophene and hexane.

The quantitative relationships between photolysis half-lives（t _1/2） and molecular structures of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) was described. Atomic characteristic value δi  of PCDD/Fs were defined. The topological descriptor Km and orientating group bedeck index mXJ were acquired by the technique of molecule graphics and AM1. The QSPR model，which could predict photolysis half-lives of PCDD/Fs adsorbed to spruce needle surfaces，were established using the index，the regression equations was proposed with mean deviation was 0.056. A modified leave-one-out procedure test was performed to validate model robustness，predicted the t _1/2  of other some PCDD/Fs molecules by the regression equation，and the error analysis were discussed. The results show that the model developed can make a better agreement between predicted and observed values of t _1/2.

A kind of Si-Al composite zeolite was synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption and IR. The results of XRD show that the zeolite belongs to hexagonal symmetry, and it is a pure phase. The composited zeolite possesses both microporous and mesoporous structures base on the pore size distributions, and presents much more Bronsted and Lewis acidic sites than HZSM-5. The catalytic cracking activity of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene over the hierarchical zeolite is more than that over HZSM-5 due to its mesopore structure and more acid amount.

The experiment studied on the rhizosphere effect in phytoremediation of the petroleum polluted soil by three kinds of grasses which were Pannicum， Eleusine indica(L.) Gaerth and Tall Fescue. After a period of 150 d ,this pot experiment show that the three kinds of plants rhizosphere accelerated the degradation of petroleum in different degrees.The results show that the plant roots improved the soil moisture which increased 5% compared with unplanted control soil .The dehydrogenas activity is 0.61～1.20 times higher.The number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere increased three orders of magnitude.The abduction of plant rhizosphere environment and the coercion of petroleum changed the distribution and activity of microorganisms.The petroleum degradation rates in the rhizosphere are 22.1%～30.3% higher than in the unplanted control soil.The effect of rhizosphere degeneration changed the component of petroleum obviously.It strengthened the degeneration degree of normal hydrocarbons that had low and moderate carbon.The plant rhizosphere environment is favorable to degenerate the high-carbon hydrocarbons into the low-carbon hydrocarbons.At the same time the peak area ratios of Pr/nC ₁₇,Ph/nC ^₁₈ and Pr/Ph have been enhanced 0.99,2.69 and 1.25 respectively.It accelerated the isomerization of normal hydrocarbons.

The reduction of m-Dinitrobenzene (m-DNB) to m-nitroaniline (m-NA) with selenium and hydrazine hydrate was studied under mild conditions. The effects of ratio of solvents, hydrazine hydrate amount, selenium amount and NaOH amount on the reduction of m-DNB to m-NA were investigated. The results show that selenium has high catalytic activity and selectivity for the reduction under mild conditions. Under the optimized conditions of V(ethanol)/V(water) = 10∶1, 2 mmol of m-DNB, 3.1 mmol of hydrazine hydrate, 0.04 g of NaOH, 0.02 g of selenium, 75 ℃ and 2 h, the m-DNB conversion and the m-NA selectivity can reach 100 % and 98.7 %, respectively.

PC/ABS alloy was prepared through melt blending process by using PC,ABS and different kinds of compatibilizing agents. The structure and mechanical properties were characterized by DSC and normal mechanical measurement methods. The results show that PC/ABS belongs to partially-compatible system, the compatibility and mechanical properties could be improved when compatibilizing agents ABS-g-MAH and PE-g-MAH were added to the blending system. The modification effect of ABS-g-MAH is better than that of PE-g-MAH. The reason is that the similar molecular structure of ABS-g-MAH and PC/ABS alloy, at the same time, the interface adhesion could be improved through ester exchange reaction between acid anhydride in ABS-g-MAH and PC.

Batch equilibration experiment was conducted out to study the adsorptions of aniline and LAS and their interactions on Weihe riverbed sediments. The results show that, LAS inhibits to the absorption of aniline on the sediments, and so as to the inhibition of aniline on LAS adsorption on the sediments, because they compete with each other for adsorption sites on the sediments. The inhibitions are gotten increasing with rising in their concentrations, the adsorption models of LAS and aniline on the sediments are hardly affected by each other, however, varied with the changes in pH. The adsorption model of aniline obeys Henry equation under pH 5, and follows Freundlich or Langmuir equation under pH 7 or 9 respectively. The affect of aniline on the adsorption of LAS depends mainly on LAS concentration, and gets more distinct with increasing in the concentration. 

1-Chloro-2,4,5-trimethyl-benzene was synthesized by one-step method, unsym- trimethylbenzene as the raw material, while HCl-H ₂O ₂-CH ₃COOH as the catalytic activity system. By the orthorhombic experiment, the influenced factors are considered and the optimum conditions are confirmed. The experiment was carried under 60℃ for 2 h, while the mole ratio of H ₂O ₂ and unsym- trimethylbenzene is 4.5, HCl and unsym- trimethylbenzene is 4.0. The average yield was 82.8%, and the conversion rate was 98.4% while the fineness 99% under those conditions.

 

Gas-liquid phase equilibrium data of methyl chloride-n-hexane binary system was measured by phase equilibrium apparatus in which liquid circulates. Experimental data was regressed and Binary parameter of methyl chloride and n-hexane kij was calculated by SRK state equation，which is 0.05. It was found that liquid phase constitute of methyl chloride in n-hexane decreases with the increase of temperature，but increases with the increase of pressure.The average standard deviation of CH ₃Cl gas constitute was 1.076 4% and the average standard deviation of pressure was 0.985 4%, which explain SRK state equation is accurate in regressing gas-liquid phase equilibrium data.Basing on it, gas-liquid phase equilibrium data of methyl chloride-n-hexane binary system in all concentration range were calculated. p-x,y phase graph at 25,30,40,50 ℃ was obtained.

The concentration response curves were calculated based on pulse tracer input technique by means of CFD method adopted RANS equations and renormalization group k-ε turbulence model. The characteristic of residence time distribution measured at different outlet with different inlet velocities and aspect ratios were ealeulated and analyzed by orthogonal experiment, and the orders of factors were ranked by the range analysis of mean value and square deviation. The results show that the order of axial back mixing coefficient is 10 ^-2, and the flowing state of the fluid in the kenics static mixer approaches plug flows. The mean residence time decreases with increasing flow rate of the fluid and increases with the increasing length and aspect ratio of the static mixers.

It is quite difficult to solve the problem of mixing friction in mechanical seal has relation to coupling function on more physical quantities between spring deformation and elastic hydrodynamic lubrication. And no available business software can directly work it out, so the C language programming was used to calculate. Allowing for micropolar fluids effect, dynamics and mathematical models on mixing friction in mechanical seal were established, and the problems for the distributions of fluid film pressure in film lubrication under the different micropolar fluids parameters were solved by using finite difference method, then the solutions of pressure and spillage value were obtained. The results show that raising of micropolar fluids parameters such as coupling coefficient and characteristic length makes fluid film pressure increase, and then pressure drops and spillage decreases, which keeps seal reliability.

Combustion performance of oxygen ethanol and thermal change in combustion reaction process was analyzed. Calculate the theoretical temperature of oxygen ethanol flame by thermodynamic theory. Relationship between the combustion temperature and the reactant was  confirmed,so oxygen ethanol flame can be used in metal oxygen cutting. Feasibility of this method was proofed in further by cutting test and compare with oxygen acetylene. The results show that using appropriate technology in cutting conditions, the quality of slot may meet needs.

The problem of stability for a class of T-S fuzzy time-delay systems was investigated . By using controller switching technique and multiple Lyapunov function method, in several proposed PDC controllers, an appropriate switching law was designed to ensure that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable for all admissible uncertainties. A simulation result demonstrates the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed method.

 

Fast algorithm with high spatial resolution was the key to electrical capacitance tomography(ECT). A fast iterative scheme for electrical capacitance tomography was presented based on the Landweber iteration method. The convergence condition for the new method was also discussed. Simulated data were analyzed to evaluate the performance of the method. The results indicate that it can produce similar quality images with less reconstruction time when compared to the Landweber iteration algorithm. The reconstruction time does not depend heavily on the number of pixels. It shows good potential for online image reconstruction.

Radial velocity distributions of two kinds of glass beads, belonging to Geldart type B classification, were investigated at different axial sections in the bubbling fluidized bed with an inner diameter of 0.185 m under different superficial gas velocities. Local particle velocities were measured by using the PV-5A fiber-optical probe. The experimental results indicate that the radial distribution of particle velocities in the bed bottom zone is irregular, where the design of the distributor is dominated. When the axial section is far from the distributor, the particle velocities are higher in the center than those near the wall within the bed, which becomes obvious with increasing superficial gas velocity. Meanwhile, there exists a transitional zone between the above two zones, where the effect of the distributor tends to be weakened. This leads that the radial distribution of particle velocities is regular. Moreover, the amplitude of particle velocity at the same axial position changes sharply with an increase of superficial gas velocity.