Abstract: Phase change material microcapsules (MicroPCMs) with polystyrene as shell material and paraffin as core material were prepared by suspension polymerization. The influence of emulsifying time, the dosages of crosslinking agent (DVB), polymerization times and the mass ratios of core and shell has been studied on the properties of phase change microcapsules, such as chemical compositions, surface morphologies, thermal storage properties and stabilities of the microcapsules were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The results showed that the emulsifying time had no significant influence on the thermal properties of microcapsules. The microcapsule showed better morphology with less wrinkles and less debris when the dosage of divinybenzene(DVB) was 6∶1. The microcapsule prepared with the polymerization time of 3 h had good morphology, relatively uniform size, high latent heat of phase change and high content of core wax. As the mass ratio of the core and wall material increases, the melting temperature of the content of core material (paraffin) increases successively. When the mass ratio of the core and wall material is 3∶1, the latent heat of prepared microcapsule with good thermal stability increases to 125.2 J/g and the content of core material(paraffin) reaches up to 80.9%.

Key words: Suspension polymerization, Polystyrene, Paraffin, MicroPCMs, Thermal storage properties

摘要： 采用悬浮聚合法制备以聚苯乙烯为壁材，58#石蜡为芯材的相变微胶囊。考察了乳化时间、交联剂二乙烯基苯（DVB）的配比、聚合时间以及芯壁比对微胶囊性能的影响，采用傅立叶红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析等手段对微胶囊的化学结构、表观形貌、储热性能以及热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明，乳化时间对微胶囊的热性能影响不大；单体St与交联剂DVB的质量比为6∶1制备的微胶囊的形貌较佳，缩皱和碎屑明显减少；聚合时间为3 h制备的微胶囊形貌较好、大小相对均一、相变潜热和芯材石蜡质量分数相对较高；而随着芯壁比的增大，芯材石蜡质量分数相继增大，其中芯壁比为3∶1制备的微胶囊相变潜热增大到125.2 J/g，芯材石蜡质量分数高达80.9%，且热稳定性好。

关键词: 悬浮聚合, 聚苯乙烯, 石蜡, 相变微胶囊, 储热性能