Abstract: Two-dimensional atomic crystals (2DAC) have potential application prospects in nanoelectronic devices and optoelectronic devices,and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. Raman spectroscopy has long been recognized as a unique "fingerprint spectroscopy" of material structure. It has many important characteristics,such as fast,accurate,no damage to samples,no sample pretreatment,and greatly reduced research costs. With the successful preparation of a large number of new types of 2DAC,Raman spectroscopy will play an essential role in the establishment of the corresponding fingerprint spectrum and the exploration of exotic physical properties. This paper summarizes the research progress of Raman spectroscopy in detecting the structural characterization of two-dimensional atomic crystals,such as stacking mode,layer number,and anisotropic defects of lattice orientation. At the same time,the resonant Raman spectroscopy is also introduced to reveal the interaction between electrons and photons,electrons and phonons in twodimensional atomic crystals,and even in the acquisition of lattice vibration phonon structures. It is hoped to provide readers with a new perspective to understand the indispensable position of Raman spectroscopy in the basic research and functional application of nanomaterials.

Key words: Two-dimensional atomic crystals, Raman spectroscopy, Resonant Raman spectroscopy, Structural and physical properties characterization

摘要： 二维原子晶体在纳米电子器件、光电子器件方面具有潜在的应用前景，近年来引起了广泛关注。拉曼光谱一直以来被公认为材料结构独一无二的“指纹光谱”，具有快速、准确、样品无损伤、无需样品预处理、大大节省研究成本等重要特点。随着大量新型二维原子晶体的成功制备，拉曼光谱将在相应指纹光谱的建立和奇异物性的发掘方面大显身手。本文概述了拉曼光谱在探测二维原子晶体的堆垛方式、层数、晶格取向的各向异性、缺陷等结构表征方面的研究进展，同时也概述了共振拉曼光谱在揭示二维原子晶体中电子与光子、电子与声子之间的相互作用，甚至在获取晶格振动声子结构等方面的重大作用，为读者提供了一个审视拉曼光谱在纳米材料基础研究和功能化应用研究方面扮演的重要地位的新视角。

关键词: 二维原子晶体, 拉曼光谱, 共振拉曼光谱, 结构和物性表征