过渡金属基助催化剂改性氮化碳的研究进展

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2026.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

助催化剂能在氮化碳（g?C₃N₄）表面形成异质结，促进光生电子迁移，从而提升g?C₃N₄的光催化性能，因此引入助催化剂对提升g?C₃N₄光催化活性具有重要作用。常见的助催化剂主要分为三类：过渡金属基助催化剂（非贵金属助催化剂）、贵金属基助催化剂和非金属助催化剂。其中，过渡金属基助催化剂因其成本低廉、电子捕获能力强而受到广泛关注。重点讨论了各类过渡金属基助催化剂（如金属氧化物、硫化物、磷化物等）与g?C₃N₄的复合方式、作用机制及其对光催化性能的影响，旨在为设计和开发高效的g?C₃N₄基光催化剂提供全面的理论与实践指导。

关键词: g?C₃N₄, 过渡金属基助催化剂, 改性, 光催化, 光催化应用

Abstract:

Due to the ability of cocatalysts to form heterojunctions on the surface in contact with g?C₃N₄, promoting the migration of photo generated electrons and enhancing the photocatalytic performance of g?C₃N₄, the introduction of cocatalysts plays a significant role in improving the photocatalytic activity of g?C₃N₄. Common co?catalysts can be broadly categorized into three groups: transition metal?based cocatalysts (non?precious?metal co?catalysts), precious metal based co?catalysts, and non?metal cocatalysts. Among them, transition metal?based cocatalysts have attracted widespread attention due to their low cost and strong ability to capture electrons. This article focuses on the composite methods, mechanisms of action, and their effects on the photocatalytic performance of various transition metal based cocatalysts (such as metal oxides, sulfides, phosphides, etc.) with g?C₃N₄, aiming to provide comprehensive theoretical and practical guidance for the design and development of efficient g?C₃N₄ based photocatalysts.

Key words: g?C₃N₄, Transition metal?based cocatalysts, Modification, Photocatalysis, Photocatalytic applications

中图分类号:

O643.3

王晓萌, 王志猛, 石磊. 过渡金属基助催化剂改性氮化碳的研究进展[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2026, 46(1): 1-9.

Xiaomeng WANG, Zhimeng WANG, Lei SHI. Research Progress on the Modification of Carbon Nitride with Transition Metal⁃Based Cocatalysts[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2026, 46(1): 1-9.

图/表 9

图1 改性g?C3N4的过渡金属基助催化剂的常见类型及应用

Fig.1 Common types and applications of transition metal?based cocatalysts for modified g?C3N4

图2 NiO/g?C3N4的光催化机理示意图[27]

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the photocatalytic mechanism over NiO/g?C3N4[27]

图3 MoP/g?C3N4光催化剂的表观量子效率和催化机理[39]

Fig.3 The apparent quantum efficiency and catalytic mechanism of MoP/g?C3N4 photocatalyst[39]

图4 MoS2/g?C3N4异质结的光催化机理示意图[42]

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the photocatalytic mechanism of MoS2/g?C3N4 heterojunction[42]

图5 MoN纳米片/g?C3N4 2D/2D异质结光催化剂的光催化机理示意图[46]

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of the photocatalytic mechanism of MoN nanosheets/g?C3N4 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalyst[46]

图6 CoB/CNs肖特基结的光催化机理示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of the photocatalytic mechanism of CoB/CNs Schottky junction

图7 MoC?g?C3N4异质结的光催化机理示意图[55]

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of the photocatalytic mechanism of MoC?g?C3N4 heterojunction[55]

表1 过渡金属助催化剂改性g?C3N4的光催化产氢性能

Table 1 Photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of g?C3N4 modified by transition metal cocatalysts

样品	光催化产氢速率/(μmol·h^-1·g^-1)	文献	样品	光催化产氢速率/(μmol·h^-1·g^-1)	文献
SCNO/CoO	11 495.00	[26]	MoP/g⁃C₃N₄	3 868.00	[39]
NiO/g⁃C₃N₄	68.20	[27]	CoS/g⁃C₃N₄	3 270.00	[44]
Ni₂P/g⁃C₃N₄	3 344.00	[35]	MoN/g⁃C₃N₄	240.00	[46]
CoP/g⁃C₃N₄	1 074.00	[36]	MoN/g⁃C₃N₄	1 802.70	[47]
NiP₂/g⁃C₃N₄	105.00	[37]	Ni₃C/g⁃C₃N₄	303.60	[54]
FeP/g⁃C₃N₄	62.63	[38]	MoC/g⁃C₃N₄	233.00	[55]

表2 过渡金属助催化剂改性g?C3N4的光催化降解性能

Table 2 Photocatalytic degradation performance of g?C3N4 modified by transition metal cocatalysts

样品	模拟污染物	降解率/%	文献	样品	模拟污染物	降解率/%	文献
Fe₂O₃/g⁃C₃N₄	罗丹明B	95.7	[25]	Bi₂O₃/g⁃C₃N₄	罗丹明B	94.8	[32]
Co₃O₄/g⁃C₃N₄	盐酸四环素	98.7	[28]	Cu₂O/g⁃C₃N₄	盐酸四环素	90.0	[33]
g⁃C₃N₄/V₂O₅	罗丹明B	60.3	[29]	MoS₂/g⁃C₃N₄	罗丹明B	92.2	[42]
MoO₃/g⁃C₃N₄	罗丹明B	93.3	[30]	FeS₂/g⁃C₃N₄	盐酸四环素	93.0	[43]
MoO₃/g⁃C₃N₄	K₂Cr₂O₇	79.3	[30]	g⁃C₃N₄/WS₂	盐酸四环素	84.0	[45]
CeO₂/g⁃C₃N₄	亚甲基蓝	75.0	[31]	g⁃C₃N₄/WS₂	磺胺甲恶唑	96.0	[45]
Bi₂O₃/g⁃C₃N₄	对硝基苯酚	71.6	[32]	MoC/g⁃C₃N₄	罗丹明B	98.0	[55]

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