Taking Suizhong 36-1 70 ^# asphalt as matrix asphalt, minus three line furfural extract oil as compatilizer, the effects of four modifiers on the conventional, high temperature shear rheological and thermal storage properties of suizhong asphalt were investigated. The morphological characteristics of SBS phase in asphalt under different modifiers were analyzed. The results show that the modified asphalt prepared by the modifier A has excellent performance in the high and low temperature and it has good compatibility with Suizhong asphalt. With LG501S, YH791, A and B as the modifier, the rut factor G*/sinδdelta of modified asphalt increases gradually, and the high temperature performance is enhanced. By screening the modifiers and stabilizers, the modifier A and stabilizer 2 ^# are selected as raw materials for the production of I-D modified bitumen from Suizhong 36-1 asphalt.

The formation and stability mechanism of crude oil foam is the key to solve the problem of crude oil foaming. The basic properties of foam, features of crude oil foam are introduced in this paper and the research status of crude oil foam formation and stability mechanism is expounded. The experimental research methods of crude oil foam are summarized, and the influencing factors of crude oil foam formation and stability such as the composition of oil, temperature and gas properties are discussed according to experimental methods. Based on the current research, the future direction of research is proposed. The stability mechanism of crude oil foam and the influence of mechanical action on foam are still to be studied and there is no practical test method of crude oil foam at present.

The catalytic cracking performances of several propane deasphalted oil obtained in our earlier work were investigated in a fixed fluidized bed reactor at the reaction temperature of 490 ℃, catalyst to oil mass ratio of 5 (catalysts 80 g) and space velocity of 15 h ^-1. It was found that the propane deasphalting oil with the highest saturated fraction mass fraction of vacuum residuum was a good FCC feedstock. the product distribution and selectivity of the deasphalted oil from vacuum residuum blending FCC slurry oil were better than that from FCC slurry oil. But for the deasphalted oil from FCC, slurry oil had lower conversion and light oil yield, and the cracking performance was also poor.

After internal and external diffusion was eliminated, the kinetics of hydration of Myrac Aldehyde was studied in a batch stirred reactor with isopropyl alcohol as solvent and cation exchange resin as catalyst. The effects of agitation speed, catalyst particle size，temperature of reaction and catalyst concentration on the reaction rate of hydration reaction were studied. The kinetics data of hydration reaction were fitted by LHHW kinetics model. Preexponential factors and reaction activation energy were fitted by Arrhenius equation. The forward and reverse preexponential factors were 0.090 46 mol/(g•s) and 5.317 40 mol/(g•s), respectively. The forward and reverse reaction activation energy were 1.724 7×10 ⁴ J/mol and 3.391 2×10 ⁴ J/mol, respectively.

Three different methods (ultrasonic dispersion, hydrothermal method and calcination) were used to prepared g-C ₃N ₄/WO ₃  heterojunctions. Obtained catalysts were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), UVvis spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL), and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the interaction between g-C ₃N ₄/WO ₃  and WO ₃ was obviously affected by the preparation methods, resulting in the significant difference in separation rate of photogenerated electrons and holes. The photocatalytic performances were detected in photocatalytic Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under simulated visible light. The results indicated that activities of g-C ₃N ₄/WO ₃  heterojunction composites were evidently higher than that of single g-C ₃N ₄/WO ₃  or WO ₃ semiconductor, and the heterojunction semiconductor prepared by the hydrothermal method showed the highest photocatalytic activity.

Using FeCl3·6H2O  and NaOH as reactants, polyethylene glycol 200 as template agent, rodlikeFe2O3 nano-crystalline was synthesized. The samples were characterized by TEM, XRD and FI-IR.The results of TEM show that morphology of samples were changed with conditions of preparation.The synthetic conditions of nano-rods were optimized. The Fe2O3  nanorods were modified by sodium lauryl sulfate and its effect of oxidative desulfurization of thiophene was studied. Experiments show that modified Fe2O3  nanorods could significantly promote the removal of thiophene in the simulated oil due to effect of coupling existed between modified Fe2O3  catalyst and ultrasonic. The desulphurization rate could reach 100%.

This paper researches the seepage characteristics and oil displacement effect of polymer solution and weak-base ternary compound system, taking the reservoir geology and fluid from Daqing Oilfield as research object, taking injectionpressure and oil recovery as the evaluation indexes. Results show that, under the condition of the same oil displacement agent viscosity and slug size, the oil recovery increment of weak-base ASP flooding is larger than that of polymer flooding. Because there are emulsification and Jamin effect during weak-base ASP flooding, which can increase seepage resistance and injection-pressure, and its oil sweep efficiency is also higher. Compared with ternary compound system with scaleremoval water, there are carbonate micro particles in the sewage ternary compound system, which can be detained in porous media. This can increase seepage resistance and cause fluid diversion effect, which eventually leads to a large increase in oil recovery. Compared with constant-speed experiment, it is early for constantpressure experiment to adopt peak-pressure, which accelerates the forward speed of agent in the core high permeability layer and shortens the breakthrough time. As a result, the sweep efficiency and oil displacement efficiency of constantpressure experiment is lower.

In order to achieve the effect of decompression and augmented injection, sulphonate surfactant was adopted to reduce IFT between oil and water by Taibei SII group, which required optimizing and adjusting formulation of surfactant. The variety and concentration of alcohols and salt assistants were screened to reduce IFT of oil-water interface, and test of evaluation on surfactant resistance was used to highlight its characteristics and the optimal application conditions. The results show that the effect of mixed reagent of 0.1%~0.8% ethanol, normal butyl alcohol and sulphonate outperforms that of methanol, normal propyl alcohol and glycerin. With increase of salt concentration, the surface tension first descends and then rises, showing a L-shaped curve. The surfactant has better activity on formation of 50 ℃ within 15 d. The influence of mineralization degree on IFT between oil and surfactant approximates to "Ω" shape. The slightly alkaline condition is favorable for the action of surfactant. Core displacement test shows that optimized surfactant can achieve 18.7% depressurization, and the effect is better.

In view of high permeability and serious water channeling in Bohai oilfield, a new type selfassembled particles profile control system was investigated. Laboratory plugging and oil displacement experiments were carried out with different injection modes. Static experiments showed that self-assembled particles had good properties of heat-resistance and salt-resistance, and it was applicable on the reservoir conditions of 65 ℃ and 35 000 mg/L. Plugging experiments showed that for sand-filled pipe which permeability was about 10 000×10 ^-3 μm ² , after particles plugging with guanidine gum or polymer as suspension liquid, the permeability was dropped to about 3 000×10 ^-3 μm ² and effective plugging rate was above 70%. Oil displacement experiments showed that for parallel sand-filled pipes which permeability was about 20 000×10 ^-3 ，4 000×10 ^-3 μm ² , when water-flooding recovery was 27.34%～28.17%, the degree of extraction can be improved by 28.57%～38.76% after injecting 0.4 PV self-assembled particles displacement system, and it can be up to 55.91%～66.80% finally. It should be noted the injection mode with guanidine gum or polymer was better. Mechanism analysis revealed selfassembled particles displacement system had plugging functions such as filling, bridging and adhesion.

The acidizing cleanup emulsion phenomenon is serious, and it can not enter the power off process. In view of the above problems, indoor simulation experiments were carried out to explore the influence of temperature, pH value, moisture content, the oil phase of the returned liquid, the water phase of the returned liquid, the iron-containing compound and the mud content on electric dehydration of returned acidizing fluids. It was found that when the impurities in the oil were less, the water phase and water content of the returned acidizing fluids had little effect on the electric dehydration, the increasing of the temperature was beneficial to the effluent demulsification, and neutral pH value was the most suitable condition for the demulsification of the returned fluids. The ferric hydroxide colloid which was wrapped with crude oil, sludge and free water in oil, forming a very high conductivity intermediate layer between the oil phase and the water phase, was the main cause of electric dehydrator trip.

Based on the previous research, this paper establishes the relationship between the dewatering transformation of the clay minerals and the diagenetic stages and the formation of pore fractures. The influence of temperature, time, pressure, pore fluid properties and thermal evolution of organic matter on the transformation of clay minerals is summarized. By comparing the paleogeotemperature in the transformation of various clay minerals and change of fluid properties, the diagenesis evolution of shale is divided into three stages, and the difference of main diagenetic reaction in each stage leads to the variance of mineral assemblage.The adsorption capacity of methane is closely related to the transformation of clay minerals in shale diagenesis.The experimental results show that the order is smectite>illite/smectite mixedlayer>kaolinite>chlorite>illite. Illitization of smectite and chloritization of smectite are important diagenetic reactions, and the study and establishment of their genetic mechanism model have a certain reference significance for the study of shale reservoir.

Granular layer filtration is widely used in the treatment system of oilfield produced water, and water distribution of granular layer filter which directly affects the purification effects of produced water plays the same significant role as the selection and arrangement of granular layer. The model of filter was built and unstructured grids were generated by Gambit. The flow rate field in the model was calculated by Fluent combined with DPM model. Based on the DPM model in Fluent software, a numerical simulation of pressure field distribution, filtration pressure drop along the axis, pathlines of particles, and particles distribution and aggregation behaviors were simulated and calculated. Then, water distribution characteristic in pressure filter of produced water was described, and optimization of water distribution process was realized. The results showed that the good performance of water distribution was obtained and the pressure drop in the filter with sieve tubes was reduced by 30.56% compared with the filter with slots. Furthermore, the filter with nine sieve tubes was optimized by its excellent water distribution characteristic. Such a numerical simulation method can provide effective support for optimization of filtration process and purification of produced water.

Hydrate formation process is a mass transfer process between gas and liquid, which lead to phase change. As the mass transfer efficiency between gas and liquid is low, the hydrate formation rate is slow, as the mass transfer efficacy is low, the amount of consumed gas is small. Therefore, improving the hydrate formation rate and storage capacity is actually improving the efficiency and efficacy of mass transfer between gas and liquid.The variation of hydrate formation rate and storage capacity is studied in static pure water, pure water with stirring, for kinds of surfactants solution and surfactants solution with stirring systems.The promoting mechanism is analyzed from mass transfer. The results showed that hydrate formation rate in system of pure water with stirring is effectively improved but the storage capacity improve not obviously compared with in systems of surfactants solution and surfactants solution with stirring. The reason that surafactants can promote hydrate formation is related to its amphipathicity and ability to adsorb at metal surface. As the surfactants HLB value increase, hydrate formation rate improved but storage capacity decreased slightly. Hydrate formation rate can be further improved in system of surfactants solution with stirring.

The optimal dehydration rate of two cylindrical cyclone separators were compared under the water cut of 95%, 90%, 80% and 70% at the inlet, by changing oil-water mixing flow rate and split ratio. The experimental results show that when the inlet water cut is 95%, 90% and 80%, the optimal dehydration rate of the cylindrical cyclone with orifice vortex finder is 12%~22% higher than the cylindrical cyclone without orifice vortex finder. And the pressure drop between the inlet and the overflow increases 3~52 kPa. When the inlet water cut is 70%, the optimal dehydration rate of the former has little difference with the latter, but the maximum pressure drop between the former and the latter is 68 kPa. Under different experimental conditions, the pressure drop between the inlet and the underflow is not obvious, and the former is slightly higher than the latter. At the same time, when the inlet water cut is constant, the relationship between the optimal split ratio and oil-water mixing flow rate is consistent with the dehydration rate.

In order to evaluate the influence of ultrasonic cavitation on mixing, based on the method of UFD (User Defined Function), the flow field in the mixer（KSM）was numerical simulated by using FLUENT software and verified by experiment. The results showed that the fluid in the KSM mixed faster and more uniform due to the ultrasonic cavitation. The pressure drop of the mixer increased slightly. The flow rate of the fluid increased from 0.50 m/s to 0.55 m/s at the inlet of the mixer and it increased by 10%. The turbulence intensity of the fluid was enhanced, and the strengthening effect was most significant at the first mixing element. And more important, the strengthening effect was most significant for the first element which is basically stable after second mixing elements. The result of experiment also is basically consistent with the simulation results. The fluid mixed more uniform and the mixing was better. With the addition of ultrasonic cavitation, the mixing of the fluid in the static mixer was more uniform and the mixing effect was better.

In order to study the local mechanical properties of pipeline's defects, taking X70 pipeline as the research object, based on the knowledge of elasticplastic mechanics, ANSYS is applied to simulate the distribution near defects of Von Mises stress and plastic strain under the action of high temperature. Then the variation tendency of the maximum stress and plastic strain of key parts near defects with the increase of internal pressure is analyzed. Also, the variation trend of the maximum Von Mises stress with the corrosion depth under the specific operating pressure is discussed. Finally, the Von Mises stress distribution and variation considering and without considering the temperature expansion are compared. The results show that there is a greater stress along the circumferential direction in the corrosion zone at high temperature. With the increase of internal pressure, the maximum Von Mises stress decreases first and then increases, and the greater stress also becomes axial distribution. ASME B31G1984,ASME B31G1991,PCORRC and DNVRPF101 methods are still suitable for evaluating the residual strength of pipelines under high temperature. 

Land-based petroleum spills have the characteristics of sudden occurred, large amount and fast speed of leakage, and wide pollution area, which have caused serious lasting damage to terrestrial ecosystems. This paper summarized the harm of land-based petroleum spills to soil environment and human health, and a method of dealing with oil spills was introduced, including physical and chemical adsorption of inorganic mineral materials and immobilized microorganism treatment technology. In addition, the study focused on the in-situ remediation of land-based petroleum spills in cold environments of China, and the physicchemical adsorption and microbial degradation were organically combined. Besides, the combination of fly ash based zeolite and immobilized microorganisms gave full play to the advantages of high adsorption efficiency of inorganic mineral adsorbent and complete degradation of coldadapted petroleum degrading bacteria. The study can provide scientific basis for treatment of land spilled petroleum under cold environments.

In order to ensure the stable operation of the coal tar suspension bed hydrogenation unit, the asphaltene flocculation and the influencing factors of the raw material were studied. The coal tar asphalt initial floc point determination method was studied, and effects of composition molecular properties and structural parameters of heavy oil on asphaltene flocculation phenomenon in coal tar were analyzed. High temperature coal tar A, middle and low temperature coal tar >320 ℃ heavy fraction B and blending coal tar C（churning oil of A and B）were studied. Initial asphalt flocculation point of sample A, B, C was measured by photometer method. Samples were separated into saturates, aromatic, resin and asphaltene fractions. The coal tars and SARA were characterized by element analysis, molecular weight and NMR. The results showed that these three samples were unstable and asphaltene settled in varying degrees. The colloidal stability order was A>B>C. SARA composition and properties played a decisive role on colloidal stability together. Because sample A had highly condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon, short and less side chains, large ratio of resin/ asphaltene, the aromaticity and molecular weight of SARA were distribution continuously, so asphaltene dispersion was good. Asphaltene flocculation happened extensively of sample C because of the mismatching of compositions and characters of sample A and B.

In this paper, the hydrotalcite with positive charge was obtained by stripping the nitrate hydrotalcite, then a layer of Cl ^- was adsorbed to form electric double layer nanomaterials. The samples were characterized by XRD, HRTEM and FT-IR and used in anticorrosion coatings. The corrosion resistance of the coating was studied by SEM, polarization curve and nyquist curves technology. The results show that this kind of electric double layer nanomaterials can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the layer, and the corrosion potential can be increased from -0.9 V to -0.5V, which has a good application prospect.

Na-ZSM-5 was prepared by in-situ hydrothermal process. H-ZSM-5 (n(Si)/n(Al)=40) molecular sieves were prepared by ion exchange. p-Aminophenol was prepared by Bamberger rearrangement catalyzed by the molecular sieves using phenyl-hydroxylamine as raw material. XRD, FT-IR, N₂ adsorption-desorption, SEM and Py-FTIR techniques were used to study the topological structure, micropore pore size and acidity of Na-ZSM-5 and H-ZSM-5 molecular sieves. The results showed that the prepared molecular sieves had MFI microporous structures with well crystallinity. Py-FTIR technique showed that Na-ZSM-5 had almost no B acid. H-ZSM-5(40) molecular sieve had weaker B acid and L acid. Catalysis performance showed that phenyl-hydroxylamine conversion was low in the presence of ZSM-5 with weaker acidity as catalyst. However, because of its moderate pore size, p-aminophenol selectivity and yield reached as high as 72.48% and 58.75%, respectively. The optimal conditions of p-aminophenol preparation from phenyl-hydroxylamine Bamberger rearrangement were as follows: mass ratio 1∶3 of phenyl-hydroxylamine to H-ZSM-5(40) molecular sieve, optimal reaction temperature of 353 K, optimal reaction time of 2 h, and water as solvent. Phenyl-hydroxylamine conversion and p-aminophenol selectivity were as high as 86.35% and 78.33%, respectively.

Different NaY molecular sieves, including NaY, HY, USY and Ce-USY, were prepared by in situ hydrothermal process, ion exchange and/or hydrothermal treatment. The effects of isologous Y molecular sieves on p-aminophenol preparation from phenyl-hydroxylamine rearrangement were studied. XRD, N₂ adsorptiondesorption and Py-FTIR results showed that although the molecular sieves had differences in crystallinity, they all had the skeleton topology of Y type molecular sieves. The micropore size of HY molecular sieve was about 0.58 nm. NaY molecular sieve had almost no B acid site. For three kinds of other molecular sieves, B acid content ranked in the descending sequence: HY>USY≈Ce-USY, and L acid content ranked in the descending sequence: USY≈Ce-USY>HY. The performance of their catalysts showed that Y-type molecular sieve had the inferior performance, the selectivity and yield of p-aminophenol of target product were less than 15%. So the p-aminophenol product with high yield and purity could be prepared from the smallest amount of reactant only when molecular sieve maintained an appropriate amount of acidity and pore size.

Using hydrophobic nano-silicon dioxide, deionized water, ethylene glycol and calcium oxide as the raw material, dry glycol-water calcium oxide resembling confectioners' sugar was prepared by the high-speed mixing, and the effect of shape of weight percentage content on the shape of dry glycol-water calcium oxide was investigated. The effect of content of active constituents, volume of glycol-water, gas flow and service life of the catalyst on the COS hydrolysis transforming rate was investigated. Under the condition of room temperature, gas flow of 10 mL/min, dry glycol-water calcium oxide (the conditions of preparation: 1 g CaO, 40 mL deionized water, 40 mL ethylene glycol, 19 g hydrophobic nano-silicon dioxide, agitation time 10 s) of 2 g, COS hydrolysis transforming rate reached 90%, and service life of this catalyst was 3.25 hours.

The oil-water interfacial tension, interfacial shearing viscosity, emulsion stability and viscosity reducing effect were investigated between two kinds of viscosity reducers and Tahe heavy oil. The results showed that the interfacial tension was decreased greatly by the water soluble viscosity reducer, while the interfacial shearing viscosity was mainly affected by the oil soluble viscosity reducer. The water soluble viscosity reducer was beneficial for the formation of the oil-water emulsion. The oil soluble viscosity reducer could improve the emulsion stability and had good viscosity reducing effect. When the oil soluble viscosity reducer was compounded with the water soluble one, the viscosity reducing effect and emulsion stability were greatly improved compared with the single reducer.

In order to explore the new mode of using residual oil, Ansai oilfield first used horizontal wells to encrypt the remaining oil, and 7 key technologies and field tests were carried out. Based on the different way of encryption horizontal well spacing and the transformation parameter study, the mechanism of remaining oil distribution was obtained and the technology of using remaining oil in high and medium water-bearing encrypted horizontal well adapted to Ansai low permeability reservoir was explored. It is proved that horizontal encryption can effectively use the remaining oil and low abundance reservoir between wells to utilize the remaining reserves of developed areas, which provides new enlightenment for the same reservoir to further improve the recovery rate.

In this paper, the micro-seepage characteristics of low-permeability cores in low permeability reservoirs are analyzed, and on the basis of experimental research, the changes of starting pressure gradient under the condition of water flooding and microemulsion flooding in low permeability reservoir are compared. Based on the boundary layer properties that initiate the pressure gradient of the low permeability reservoir, the low velocity nonlinear seepage flow under the condition of microemulsion flooding in the low permeability reservoir is studied, and the corresponding non-Darcy percolation equation is established. And the accuracy of the non-Darcy percolation equation is verified by simulating the experimental results of the experimental rock samples.

Water lock damage is one of the main damage ways in low porosity and low permeability oil and gas fields, seriously affecting the normal exploitation of oil and gas fields. In order to find out the main factors affecting the water lock effect and effective methods to remove water lock damage, the variation of gas permeability before and after the reservoir core water lock was studied and the degree of water lock of rock samples was quantitatively evaluated using the rock samples from the condensate gas reservoir in Jilin oilfield as raw materials, through the indoor water lock damage experiment of reservoir core. The results showed that water lock effect was mainly caused by the water saturation, pore throat radius, the watersensitive illite, Yimeng mixed layer in the clay minerals with high content and hair and tufted convex. On this basis, the effect of methanol, slippery water and N ₂ injection on water lock damage was evaluated. It is proved that N ₂ unlocking effect is the best, permeability can be restored to about 30% of the original, methanol injection unlocking effect is better than sliver water, and the best amount of alcohol injection is 0.4 PV.

Phase of CO ₂ flooding is studied, combining with MMP and maximum gas injection pressure in the study area. The results show that the MMP is 22.2 MPa. The fracture pressure of formation is 33.88 MPa. The maximum gas injection pressure of wellhead is 15.8 MPa. The gas injection pressure is 10.5 MPa, and corresponding injection gas pressure of well bottom is 19.1 MPa. CO ₂ flooding belongs to immiscible flooding. When the gas injection pressure of wellhead is increased to 15.0 MPa, the bottom hole pressure is 23.6 MPa, which is higher than the minimum miscible pressure, there is miscible zone near the well area in the gas injection well.

A new method was proposed to measure the thickness of the boundary layer, and the thickness of the boundary layer under different viscosity and different pressure gradient was measured. The research results show that under the same pore throat radius and pressure gradient, the relation between the viscosity of the fluid and the proportion of the boundary layer is linear. The greater the viscosity, the greater the proportion of the boundary layer. Under the same viscosity and pressure gradient, with the increase of pore throat radius, the proportion of the boundary layer decreases rapidly. Under the same viscosity and pore throat radius, with the increase of the pressure gradient, boundary layer ratio decreases and tends to be stable. In addition by drawing the boundary layer thickness ratio chart, the influence of viscosity and displacement pressure gradient on nonlinear seepage is analyzed, and the results further confirme that the boundary layer is the fundamental reason for the nonlinear flow characteristics in tight oil cores.

During drilling operation of Dongying formation in Bohai oilfield, mudstone is hard and brittle, hole wall collapses easily, anticline structure and rock mechanics are complex, mechanical drilling rate is low, borehole is long, hard and brittle mudstone flakes off in downhole accident. The high density of cuttings per unit annulus volume leads to pressure suppression, large torque fluctuation, and drilling jam during drilling. The drill tool breaks and falls during the processing of drilling jam, and the drilling tool of 125.94 m bottom is successfully salvaged after casing milling, and the through well cannot be reached to the end. It is decided to backfill sidetracking. After the success of sidetracking, the performance of PEM drilling fluid is optimized and new tools and technologies are used. Finally, no accident of tripping, casing, logging and cementing operation smoothly, ensure the well structure quality. The experience and lessons of drilling jam accident in this well have guiding significance and popularizing value for further deep well development in this block.

Single well sandstone model, porosity model and permeability model are established for the representative 7 large slope fracturing wells in Z oilfield, and the numerical simulation method for productivity of large slope fracturing well in natural fracture development reservoir of Z oilfield is formed. The numerical simulation results of different layers (S1, S3, D2, D3), different well slope angles (60 degrees, 75 degrees), different fracture parameters and production pressure difference are obtained. Through the comparison with testing data getting from exploration wells, it shows that the calculation results of numerical simulation are consistent with practical testing results, which provide a scientific basis for the prediction and analysis of large slope fracturing wells productivity in Z oilfield.

After the low permeability oil field of Ansai enters the medium and high watercut stage, the main oil reservoir is washed, the production of many wells is low, and the direction of remaining oil digging is unknown. Taking Chang 6 oil layers of Yanchang formation in Wangyao area as the object, on the basis of modern sedimentology, highresolution sequence stratigraphy, basic logging theory and development geology, combining the rock outcrop, sealing core drilling in-spection well and test data, the characteristics of single oil sands scale reservoir heterogeneity, injection and mining connectivity and distribution of residual oil are revealed. The results show that the heterogeneity of single sand bodies has an important influence on the water flooding process of low permeability reservoir, and it also has important inspiration for the division and combination of the development oil layer, the form of well network and the adjustment of water injection. The recovery rate is increased by 4%~6% through comprehensive adjustment as pattern infilling, adjustment of injection-production relation of the single sand body, the precise fracturing and profile control.

The review of the influencing factors of inorganic salt fouling behavior is mainly focused on the effects of flow rate, temperature and concentration on the mass of fouling deposition, induction period and thermal resistance. In this paper, the microscopic fouling behaviors such as morphology structure, attachment position and particle size are selected as research objects. The effect of material surface characteristics (roughness, contact angle and surface energy) on the microscopic fouling behaviors are reviewed, which can provide the basis for revealing the difference macroscopic fouling behavior of different materials surface from a microscopic point of view. At the same time, the current research status of fouling adhesion strength is summarized to provide theoretical support for the removal of fouling and the selection of reasonable antifouling materials.

Under different temperature and different stress conditions, the creep experiment of polyurethane foam was carried out, and the creep constitutive equation of polyurethane foam under high temperature was obtained by fitting the obtained creeptime curve with Modified Time Harding model. Comparing the steady state creep rate fitted by model with the steady state creep rate measured by experiment, it is found that the creep property of polyurethane polymer has an important relationship with temperature and stress level. As the temperature and the stress level increases, the creep behavior of the material is more pronounced. The creep curve at high temperature is divided into two phases. In the first phase, the creep rate is larger and the creep rate gradually decreases with time. In the second phase, the creep rate is small and remains basically constant. Modified Time Harding model can better predict the creep rate of polyurethane materials under high temperature conditions.

The present work develops a computer-aided algorithm to transform gasoline bulk property into molecular composition. We pre-defined 166 representative gasoline molecules according to the compositional characteristics. Simulated annealing method was used to find a molecular distribution that has bulk property very closed to the measured data. The accuracy of the model is verified by using a set of FCC gasoline data. The relative error of predicted and measure key property is lower than 2% and the overall relative error is lower than 5%. The predicted PIONA composition is in good agreement with experimental results, indicating that the obtained compositional information is in consisted with the actual composition.

Targeting on hydrodesulphurization, hydrodenitrification and hydrodemetallization from inferior VGO, hydrotreating experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of various hydrotreating conditions on the quality of the hydro-products. Meanwhile, variation of the components and its corresponding change of macroscopic properties were also analyzed on the basis of three types of inferior VGO. The rates of hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodemetallization were improved with the increase of reaction temperature. Compared with raw oil, hydrogenated oil has a low 95% point distillation temperature and density, and the content of sulfur, nitrogen and metal in the produced oil is greatly reduced.