Sn4P3⁃G@C负极在锂离子电池中的应用

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2023.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

磷化锡（Sn₄P₃）作为锂离子电池负极材料，虽然理论比容量（1.255×10³ mA $?$ h/g）较高，但是在充放电过程中会产生巨大的体积膨胀和颗粒团聚现象，导致容量衰减严重。将石墨烯作为骨架、无定形碳材料作为包覆层，成功地制备了碳包覆Sn₄P₃?石墨烯复合材料（Sn₄P₃?G@C）。Sn₄P₃?G@C在电流密度为0.05 A/g时，循环70次后放电比容量可达0.521×10^-3 mA $?$ h/g；在电流密度为0.10 A/g时，循环150次后放电比容量可达0.433×10^-3 mA $?$ h/g；在电流密度为0.50 A/g时，稳定循环300次，放电比容量可达0.330×10^-3 mA $?$ h/g。片层石墨烯和碳包覆层的共同存在不仅使Sn₄P₃的结构更加稳定且导电性提升，而且有效缓解体积膨胀，防止颗粒之间的团聚，使Sn₄P₃?G@C表现出了良好的储锂性能。

关键词: Sn₄P₃, 石墨烯, 碳包覆, 锂离子电池, 负极材料

Abstract:

Tin phosphide (Sn₄P₃) as the anode material for lithium?ion batteries exhibits high theoretical specific capacity (1.255×10³ mA $?$ h/g). However, the huge volume expansion and particle agglomeration during the charging and discharging processes lead to serious capacity attenuation. The carbon?coated Sn₄P₃?graphene composite (Sn₄P_3?G@C) was successfully prepared by using graphene as the framework and amorphous carbon material as the coating layer. Sn₄P₃?G@C composite shows a high discharge specific capacity of 0.521×10^-3 mA $?$ h/g after 70 cycles at 0.05 A/g, and the discharge specific capacity of 0.433×10^-3 mA $?$ h/g can be maintained after 150 cycles at 0.10 A/g. After 300 cycles at 0.50 A/g, the reversible specific capacity of 0.330×10^-3 mA $?$ h/g can be exhibited. The co?existence of sheet graphene and carbon coating can not only stabilize the structure of Sn₄P₃ and improve the electrical conductivity of the material, but also effectively alleviate the problem of volume expansion and prevent the agglomeration between particles. Sn₄P₃?G@C shows good lithium storage performance.

Key words: Sn₄P₃, Graphene, Carbon coating, Lithium?ion batteries, Anode material

中图分类号:

TQ152

冯莲晶, 王利娟. Sn₄P₃⁃G@C负极在锂离子电池中的应用[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2023, 36(1): 66-73.

Lianjing Feng, Lijuan Wang. Applications of Sn₄P₃⁃G@C Anodes in Li⁃ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2023, 36(1): 66-73.

图/表 13

图1 Sn4P3?G@C的合成示意图

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of the synthesis of Sn4P3?G@C

图2 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C的XRD图谱

Fig.2 XRD patterns of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

图3 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?GO@C的TG图

Fig.3 TG curves of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

图4 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C的SEM图

Fig.4 SEM images of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

图5 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C的粒径分布直方图

Fig.5 Particle size distribution histograms of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

图6 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C的CV曲线

Fig.6 CV curves of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

图7 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C在电流密度为0.10 A/g下的前4圈充放电曲线Fig.7　Charge and discharge curves of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C at current density of 0.10 A/g in the first four cycles

图8 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C在电流密度为0.05 A/g的循环曲线和Sn4P3?G@C的库伦效率曲线

Fig.8 The cycle curve of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C at current density of 0.05 A/g and coulombic efficiency curve of Sn4P3?G@C

图9 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C在电流密度为0.10 A/g的循环曲线和Sn4P3?G@C的库伦效率曲线

Fig.9 The cycle curve of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C at current density of 0.10 A/g and coulombic efficiency curve of Sn4P3?G@C

图10 Sn4P3?G@C在电流密度为0.50 A/g时的长循环和库伦效率曲线

Fig.10 Long?term cycling and coulombic efficiency curve of Sn4P3?G@C with current of 0.50 A/g

图11 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C的倍率性能曲线

Fig.11 Rate capability curve of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

图12 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C循环前的电化学交流阻抗图谱

Fig.12 EIS of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C before cycling

图13 Sn4P3和Sn4P3?G@C的Z′与ω-1/2的线性关系

Fig.13 Linear relationship between Z′ and ω-12 of Sn4P3 and Sn4P3?G@C

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Sn₄P₃⁃G@C负极在锂离子电池中的应用

Applications of Sn₄P₃⁃G@C Anodes in Li⁃ion Batteries

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